NHA CCMA Diseases and Disorders

Cellulitis

Inflammation of cellular or connective tissue

Dermatitis

inflammation of the skin

Eczema

noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching

Skin cancer: basal cell

Typically appears as a waxy bump or a skin sore that does not heal within 2 months while increasing in size

Skin cancer: melanoma

Uncontrolled mitosis of melanocytes; skin mole appears asymmetrical and rough

Sprain

Stretching or tearing of ligaments

Osteoporosis

A condition in which the body's bones become weak and break easily.

Osteoarthritis

Inflammation of the bone and joint; stiffness and lack of flexibility

Rheumatoid arthritis

A chronic autoimmune disorder in which the joints and some organs of other body systems are attacked

Gout

A type of arthritis characterized by deposits of uric acid crystals in the joints; most common in the big toe

Muscular dystrophy

Group of hereditary diseases characterized by degeneration of muscle and weakness; leading to eventual paralysis of muscle groups

Myopathy

Disease of the muscle

Myalgia

Muscle pain

Repetitive stress disorder (RSD)

A variety of muscle conditions that result from repeated motions performed in the course of normal work, daily activities, or recreation such as sports

Shin Splint

A painful condition caused by the muscle tearing away from the tibia

Anemia

A condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume.

Atherosclerosis

Condition in which fatty deposits called plaque build up on the inner walls of the arteries

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

The failure of the heart to pump efficiently, leading to excessive blood or fluids in the lungs, the body, or both

Hemophilia

A hereditary disease where blood does not coagulate to stop bleeding

Hypertension

High blood pressure

Myocardial infarction (MI)

Death of cardiac muscle due to ischemia; heart attack

Acute renal failure

Sudden loss of kidney function; can no longer filter blood effectively

Chronic renal failure

Gradual and progressive loss of kidney function

Renal calculi (kidney stones)

Urine becomes concentrated resulting in crystals

Urinary incontinence (UI)

Inability to control urination

Urinary tract infection (UTI)

Infection in the urinary system most commonly caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli)

Appendicitis

Inflammation of the appendix

Celiac disease

Disease caused by sensitivity to gluten

Colorectal cancer

Cancer of the colon and rectum

Diverticulosis

Abnormal outpouchings in the intestinal wall of the colon

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Lower esophageal sphincter muscle disfunction leading to stomach contents leaking back up the esophagus

Acute respiratory distress (ARDS)

Fluid buildup in the alveoli blocks oxygen from passing into the bloodstream following an acute injury

Asthma

A chronic allergic disorder characterized by episodes of severe breathing difficulty, coughing, and wheezing.

Bronchitis

Inflammation of the bronchi

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Disease in which airflow into and out of the lungs is blocked, usually due to a combination of bronchitis and emphysema; primary cause is smoking

Rhinitis

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa

Alzheimer's disease (AD)

Most common form of progressive dementia caused by progressive destruction on brain cells

Cerebral concussion

Type of traumatic brain injury caused by a blow to the head

Sciatica

Occurs from compression of the sciatic nerve, typically due to a herniated disc, bone spur, or tumor

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

Caused by a decrease in blood supply to the brain or a rupture of a blood vessel in the brain

Shingles

Viral disease that affects the peripheral nerves and causes blisters on the skin that follow the course of the affected nerves; caused by the varicella zoster virus

Cushing syndrome

Group of signs and symptoms produced by excess cortisol from the adrenal cortex

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

diabetes caused by a total lack of insulin production; usually develops in childhood, and patients require insulin replacement therapy to control the disorder

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Diabetes in which the body produces insulin, but not enough, or there is insulin resistance. The patient usually is not dependent on insulin for survival.

Hyperthyroidism

Overproduction of the thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland

Hypothyroidism

Underproduction of the thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland

Graves' disease

Caused by malfunction in the body's immune system that disrupts normal thyroid regulation, resulting in hyperthyroidism

Candidiasis

Overgrowth of the fungal micro-organism Candida albicans

Ectopic Pregnancy

Zygote implantation in an area other than the uterine wall, most commonly in the uterine tubes

Endometriosis

Occurs when pieces of endometrial tissue grow outside of the uterine lining, typically on the ovaries, intestines, or pelvic wall

Genital herpes

Caused by the herpes simplex virus spread through sexual contact

Inguinal hernia

A portion of the intestines protrudes thought a weak point of the abdominal wall.

Cryptorchidism

Undescended testicles

Testicular torsion

Twisting of the spermatic cord

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

Benign growth of cells within the prostate gland