scripture exam 3

King David

Ruled during 2nd Samuel, wanted to build God's house but received the Davidic covenant from God instead. Committed adultery with Bathsheba and killed her husband Uriah to cover it. Repented after being criticized by Prophet Nathan.

Solomon

Son of David, became the next king after David. God made David and the Israelites remember their history through him. very wealthy, and many wives

Jeroboam I

First king of the Northern Kingdom of Israel, known for building sanctuaries, golden calves at Bethel and Dan, changing religious festival dates, and appointing non-Levitical priests, one of solomns’s officials, 10 northern revolt, independent kingdom

Ahab

King of the Northern Kingdom of Israel, promoted syncretism with Canaanites' fertility religion, confronted Prophet Elijah and 850 prophets of Baal and Asherah, and morally corrupted royal power. promoted BAAL worship, provoked god

Assyrian Empire

Conquered the Northern Kingdom of Israel in 722 BCE.

Hezekiah

King of the Southern Kingdom, judahs best king, known for his religious reforms, destroying idols, prayerfulness, and for surviving the Assyrian siege in 701 BCE.

Zedekiah

Last king of Judah before its fall.

Babylon

Conquered the Southern Kingdom of Judah in 597 BCE.

Amos

8th century prophet to the Northern Kingdom, emphasized social justice and criticized meaningless rituals,

Hosea

8th century prophet to the Northern Kingdom, focused on covenant fidelity to Yahweh and social justice.

Isaiah

8th century prophet to the Southern Kingdom, emphasized social justice, criticized meaningless rituals, and proclaimed God's sovereignty. told hezikiah to not fear but trust YHWY

Micah

8th century prophet to the Southern Kingdom, emphasized social justice from a local perspective.

Jeremiah

Prophet who delivered messages to King Zedekiah about the fall of Judah, later shifted his message towards restoration.

Book of Jeremiah (Hebrew vs Greek)

Hebrew version is 1/7th longer and arranged differently than the Greek version found in the Septuagint, reflecting older traditions.

Psalm 137

Community response to the fall of Jerusalem, expressing grief and telling truths about oppression.

Lamentation

Composed of laments for the people in Judah, presenting grief and loss regarding the destruction of Jerusalem.

Exilic Prophets of Hope

Include Isaiah 40-55, which delivers good news of Yahweh's salvation, and Ezekiel 33-48, emphasizing the return of Yahweh's glory and restoration.

Ezekiel

A priest and prophet exiled to Babylon, prophesized about the fall and restoration of Jerusalem, emphasizing God's glory.

Tripartite Division of Isaiah

Divided into three sections: Isaiah 1-39 (preexilic), Isaiah 40-55 (exilic), and Isaiah 56-66 (postexilic), covering themes of judgment and salvation.

Cyrus Edict

Issued by Persian king Cyrus, allowing exiled Israelites to return to their homeland and rebuild the temple.

Chronicler’s History

Written in the 5-4th century BCE, presents a positive and hopeful history of Israel focusing on the southern kingdom while omitting the northern kingdom's history.

Ezra and Nehemiah

Leaders in the post-exilic period focusing on the people's return, reconstruction of the temple and city, and implementing religious reforms.

Daniel 1-6

Stories aimed at Jews in Babylon, depicting how to live faithfully while in a foreign court.

Esther

Story of a Jewish woman who became queen of Persia and saved her people from conspiracy.

Theological Reflection on the Fall and the Exile

Illustrates the sinful nature of humanity and the limits of human kingship while emphasizing God's kingship and the expectation for God's coming.

Features of the Book of Psalms

Organized into five books, containing human responses in praise and lament, serves as a primary text in worship, interpretable through form criticism.

Parallelism in Psalms

Types of parallelism in psalms include synonymous (similar lines), antithetic (contradicting lines), and stair-step (furthering the message) parallelism.

Wisdom Books

Include Proverbs, Job, and Ecclesiastes, focusing on moral discernment and reverence for God.

Khokmah

Means wisdom.

Halleluia

Means praise the Lord.

Qoheleth

Means teacher.

Key Date: 722 BCE

Assyrian conquest of Israel.

Key Date: 597 BCE

Babylonian capture of Jerusalem.

Key Date: 587 BCE

Destruction of the First Temple.

Key Date: 538 BCE

Israelites allowed to return.

Key Date: 520 BCE

Rebuilding of the temple.

Key Date: 515 BCE

Completion of the Second Temple.

Key Date: 450 BCE

Recognition of the Torah as scripture.