Biol 213 chapter 16

Yeast cells respond to mating factor secreted from cells of the

opposite mating type (a or α) by growing toward the source of the signal

Signal Transduction

the process of converting one type of signal to another

Receptors =

signal

Signal molecules

Proteins, peptides, amino acids, steroid hormones, fatty acids, sugars, nucleotides, inorganic compounds, gases.

• can be anything

Signal recognition

Receptor proteins (receptors)

• receptor is always protein

The general styles of cell communication

• Short distance, local distribution

• Long distance, wide distribution

• Long distance, cell specific

• Cell-cell specific

endrocine type of cell communication

long distance, wide distribution

paracrine type of cell communication

Short distance, local distribution

Long distance, wide distribution cell communication

short distance, local distribution cell communication

long distance, cell specific cell communication

cell-cell specific

Broadcast to anyone who’s listening cell communication

• long distance, wide distribution

• short distance, local distribution

Closed circuit intended for specific audience cell communcation

• long distance, cell specific

• cell-cell specific

autocrine signaling

short distance, local distribution

• like paracine but self-signaling

epinephrine (adrenaline) site of origin

adrenal gland

epinephrine(adrenaline) chemical nature

derivative of the amino acid tyrosine

epinephrine (adrenaline) some actions

increases blood pressure, heart rate, and metabolism

cortisol site of origin

adrenal gland

cortisol chemical nature

steroid (derivative of cholesterol)

cortisol some actions

affects metabolism of proteins, carbs, and lipids in most tissues

estradiol site of origin

ovary

estradiol chemical nature

steroid (derivative of cholesterol)

estradiol some actions

induces and maintains secondary female sexual characteristics