Amazon Rainforest Case Study
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23 Terms
Where is the Amazon rainforest?
Mainly in Brazil (about 60%) , South America
How large is the Amazon rainforest?
About 5.5 million km²
What is deforestation?
The clearing of trees
What is logging?
Cutting down trees for timber, which clears large areas of forest
What is cattle ranching?
Land is cleared to raise cattle for beef, causing large-scale deforestation
What is road building?
Trees are cleared to build roads (e.g. Trans-Amazonian Highway), opening up the forest
What is mineral extraction?
Trees are removed to access resources like gold and iron ore
What is energy development?
Generating hydroelectric power floods huge areas of land, destroying habitats
What is settlement?
People clear land to build homes and infrastructure
What is subsistence farming?
Small areas of forest are cleared to grow food for families
How much of the Amazon has been deforested?
About 17%
How does deforestation affect the local climate?
It becomes hotter and drier because there is less transpiration and rainfall
How does deforestation affect global climate?
Fewer trees absorb CO₂, increasing greenhouse gases and global warming
Why does deforestation affect soils?
Soil is exposed as there are no trees protecting it, so heavy rainfall washes (leaches) nutrients out of the soil. The soil is also eroded as there are no roots to hold it together, leaving it infertile.
What is the environmental impact of deforestation (biodiversity)?
Loss of biodiversity as species lose their habitats
What is the environmental impact of deforestation (climate change)?
Fewer trees absorb CO₂, increasing global warming
What is the environmental impact of deforestation (water cycle)?
Disrupts the water cycle, reducing rainfall and making it hotter and drier
What is the environmental impact of deforestation (soils)?
Causes soil erosion and leaching, leaving soils infertile
What is the economic benefit of deforestation (jobs)?
Creates jobs for local people in farming, mining and construction
What is the economic benefit of deforestation (transport)?
Improves transport as roads like the Trans-Amazonian Highway allow trade and movement
What is the economic benefit of deforestation (exports)?
Increases Brazil's GDP as products like beef, timber and minerals are exported
Who are indigenous people?
Native people who have lived there for generations
How does deforestation affect indigenous people?
It destroys their homes and way of life