Plant and Animal Tissue Review

These flashcards cover key concepts related to plant and animal tissues, including their types, functions, and characteristics.

Meristematic tissue

Actively dividing plant tissue that produces new cells.

Apical meristem

Found at the tips of roots and stems; responsible for primary growth (length).

Lateral meristem

Located between xylem and phloem; responsible for secondary growth (thickness).

Epidermis

Provides protection and prevents water loss.

Cuticle

Waxy layer that reduces water loss in plants.

Parenchyma

Tissue responsible for storage, gas exchange, and support.

Chlorenchyma

Tissue involved in photosynthesis and contains chlorophyll.

Sclerenchyma

Tissue that provides mechanical support to plants.

Xylem

Transports water and minerals from roots to leaves.

Phloem

Transports food (glucose) in both directions.

Epithelial tissue

Provides protection, absorption, and secretion.

Squamous epithelium

Thin tissue found in lungs and blood vessels; allows for fast diffusion.

Cuboidal epithelium

Tissue involved in secretion and absorption.

Columnar epithelium

Contains goblet cells that produce mucus.

Ciliated epithelium

Moves mucus and dust out of airways.

Muscle tissue types

Includes skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle.

Skeletal muscle

Voluntary muscle responsible for movement.

Cardiac muscle

Involuntary muscle found in the heart.

Smooth muscle

Found in organs like stomach and blood vessels.

Nerve tissue

Transmits electrical impulses.

Dendrites

Carry impulses to the cell body of neurons.

Axon

Carries impulses away from the cell body.

Connective tissue

Binds, supports, and protects other tissues and organs.

Examples of connective tissue

Blood, bone, cartilage, tendons, ligaments.

Red blood cells

Function to transport oxygen throughout the body.

White blood cells

Destroy pathogens, playing a role in immunity.

Platelets

Involved in blood clotting.