Famous Female Historical Figures (1400-Present)

Flashcards summarizing significant contributions of notable female historical figures from 1400 to present.

Mary Tudor I

Queen of England known for her attempt to restore Catholicism, earning the nickname 'Bloody Mary'.

Saint Teresa of Avila

Spanish mystic who experienced visions and founded the Carmelite Order.

Elizabeth Tudor I

Queen of England known for her leadership of Protestant nations and the Elizabethan Religious Settlements.

Judith Leyster

First female member of the painting Guild of Saint Luke in the Netherlands.

Maria Merian

Dutch entomologist known for her work on insect metamorphosis.

Maria Winkelmann

German astronomer who discovered a comet.

Catherine the Great

Empress of Russia who modernized the military and expanded the empire, reformed Russian society.

Mary Astell

Advocate for women's education and equality in marriage, authored 'Serious Proposal to the Ladies'.

Mary Wollstonecraft

Founding figure of modern European feminism, believed women are entitled to the same rights as men.

Marie Antoinette

Austrian princess who became Queen of France, known for her controversial reign.

Flora Tristan

Advocated for equal rights and socialism, linking feminism with the labor movement.

Mary Shelley

Romantic author known for writing 'Frankenstein'.

Elizabeth Blackwell

First woman to earn a medical degree in the U.S., from Geneva College.

Berthe Morisot

French artist known for her contribution to Impressionism.

Florence Nightingale

Founder of modern nursing and known for her work during the Crimean War.

Clara Barton

Founder of the American Red Cross and known for her humanitarian work during the Civil War.

Maria Montessori

Innovator in childhood education; established Montessori schools.

Marie Curie

Pioneering scientist who discovered radium and researched radioactivity.

Emmeline Pankhurst

Founder of the Women’s Social and Political Union, pivotal in the women's suffrage movement.

Emily Davidson

Suffragist who died advocating for women's voting rights by throwing herself in front of a horse.

Amalie Sieveking

Pioneer in women's education and nursing, known for her charity work.

Hannah Hoch

Artist known for her photomontages that criticized societal views on women.

Virginia Wolfe

Modernist author known for her novels such as 'Mrs. Dalloway'.

Simone de Beauvoir

Philosopher and feminist who explored women's societal roles in 'The Second Sex'.

Betty Friedan

Author of 'The Feminine Mystique', addressing women's issues in the 1950s.

Grace Hopper

Computer scientist who developed COBOL, enabling computer processing of words.

Margaret Thatcher

First female Prime Minister of Great Britain, known for her conservative policies.

Mary Robinson

First female president of Ireland, served from 1990.

Edith Cresson

First female Prime Minister of France, served in the early 1990s.

Angela Merkel

First female Chancellor of Germany, known for her leadership in health care reforms.