Oral Radiography

Week 2

When discussing digital radiography, the term ____ is used instead of radiograph, film, or x-ray

Digital image

An image on conventional dental film

Radiograph

Dental image that shows the entire length of the tooth, plus 3 to 4 mm beyond the apices. Used to diagnose abscesses and other pathological conditions around the tooth area. It is also used to identify unerupted teeth

Periapical

A dental image that shows the teeth of both arches on one film. Can consists of two or four films and is used to diagnose inter-proximal caries, recurrent caries, and pulpal pathologic conditions of the crestal bone

Bite-wing (BWX)

Dental image used to locate impactions, supernumerary teeth, pathologic conditions, and fractures of the maxilla or mandible. No. 4 film is used

Occlusal

Contains two pieces of film between the black paper lining. This makes it possible to produce a duplicate set of the radiographs without exposing the patient to additional radiation or going through the film duplication process

Double-film packets

Between the paralleling technique and the bisecting angle technique, which one is preferred since it provides a more accurate image of the teeth and surrounding structures?

Paralleling technique

To place and keep the film packet or sensor in its proper position in relation to the tooth, the paralleling technique requires the use of a

Film- or sensor-holding instrument

Commonly used type of film- or sensor-holding device

Rinn extension-care paralleling (XCP) instrument

The position on the patient's face at which the central X-ray beam is aimed. The goal is to cover the film or sensor completely with the beam of radiation

Point of entry (during the paralleling technique)

The movement of the tubehead in an up-and-down direction, similar to nodding your head "yes". Must be perpendicular to the film or sensor and the long axes of the teeth, or the images will be elongated or foreshortened

Vertical angulation (during the paralleling technique)

Movement of the tubehead in a side-to-side direction, similar to shaking your head "no". Must be directed through the contact of the teeth and be as perpendicular (at a right angle with the film or sensor) to the horizontal plane of the film or sensor as possible. Failure to do this will cause overlapping of proximal contacts

Horizontal angulation (during the paralleling technique)

-In this technique, the film or sensor is placed close to the crowns of the teeth to be radiographed and extends at an angle into the palate or floor of the mouth

Bisecting angle technique

Always parallel films. The film of the sensor is positioned (by bite tab or a holding device) parallel to the crowns of both the upper and the lower teeth, and the central ray (CR) is directed perpendicular to the film or sensor. Correct horizontal angulation is crucial to the diagnostic value

Bite-wing views

Used to examine large areas of the upper or lower jaw. This technique requires the use of conventional dental film. In adults, No. 4 intraoral film is used, and No. 2 film is used in children

Occlusal technique

An image that has been properly placed, exposed, and processed

Diagnostic quality image

Type of X-ray imaging that uses digital X-ray sensors to replace traditional photographic X-ray film. Can be taken inside (intraoral) or outside (extraoral) of the mouth

Digital Radiography

With the solid-state technology a sensor ____ is the image receptor

Charge-coupled device (CCD)

This technique uses reusable plates as the image receptor

Phosphor storage plate technology (PSPs)

Allows the dentist to view the entire dentition and related structures on a single large film. Not as well defined or clear as the images on intraoral films.

Panoramic radiographs

Both the film and the tubehead rotate around the patient, producing a series of individual images which are then combined into one image

Panoramic radiography