updated anat

What is another name for breathing?

Pulmonary Ventilation

How are the vocal cords during breathing?

Relaxed

Where does gas exchange occur?

Alveoli

What is another name for pulmonary ventilation?

Breathing

What is the function of the blood?

Transport of gases

What is the main function of the respiratory passages?

Filter incoming air

What are accessory cells associated with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelial tissue?

Goblet Cells

What do goblet cells secrete?

Mucus

What divides the nasal cavity into right and left portions?

Nasal Septum

Which structure serves both the respiratory and the digestive systems?

Pharynx

What produces sound?

Vibrations

What divides the nasal cavity into many passages?

Nasal Conchae

What reduces the weight of the skull?

Sinuses

What is the enlargement of the airway on top of the trachea?

Larynx

What closes the larynx during swallowing?

Epiglottis

What is the opening of the larynx called?

Glottis

What are the upper pair of folds in the larynx?

False Vocal Cords

What are the lower pair of folds in the larynx?

True Vocal Cords

What is another name for the trachea?

Windpipe

What extends behind the trachea?

Esophagus

What is the tissue lining the trachea?

Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar

Into what does the trachea split?

Right & Left Primary Bronchii

What is the wall of the trachea made of?

Hyaline Cartilage

Where are the openings located in the 'C' shaped rings of the trachea?

Posterior

What is the process of exchanging gases called?

Respiration

What is the utilization of O2 and production of CO2 by the cells called?

Cellular Respiration

What helps to prevent the entrance of rough particles in the nostrils?

Hairs

What tissue is the mucous membrane in the respiratory tract composed of?

Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar

What is the hollow space behind the nose?

Nasal Cavity

What accessory cells are rich in the pseudostratified ciliated columnar?

Goblet Cells

What divides the nasal cavity into right and left portions?

Nasal Septum

What bones curl in from the walls of the nasal cavity dividing it into passageways?

Nasal Conchae

Where does heat leave to warm the air that passes over the mucous membrane in the nasal cavity?

Blood

What automatically happens when something reaches the pharynx?

Swallowed

What kills microorganisms in mucus in the stomach?

Gastric Juices

What is another name for the pharynx?

Throat

What is the common name for the larynx?

Voicebox

What are the air-filled spaces in the skull called?

Sinuses

What remains in the lungs even after the most forceful expiration?

Residual Volume

What is the total volume of air that our lungs can hold?

Total Lung Capacity

What is the maximum amount of air a person can exhale after taking the deepest breath possible?

Vital Capacity

What varies with size, age, and sex regarding volume?

Total Lung Capacity

What is the function of non-respiratory air movements?

Clear Air Passages

What amount of air enters the lungs during normal inspiration and leaves during normal expiration?

Tidal Volume

What is the additional air that leaves the lungs during forced expiration called?

Expiratory Reserve Volume

What is the additional air that enters the lungs during forced inspiration called?

Inspiratory Reserve Volume

What serous membrane lines the thoracic cavity?

Parietal Pleura

What begins the bronchial tree?

Right & Left Primary Bronchii

Which lung is larger?

Right

What is the movement of air from the inside of the body to the outside called?

Expiration

How many lobes does the left lung have?

2

What allows us to keep breathing even when we are unconscious?

Atmospheric Pressure

What serous membrane covers the lungs?

Visceral Pleura

Where does gas exchange occur?

Alveoli

How many lobes does the right lung have?

3

What is the movement of air from outside the body to inside the lungs called?

Inspiration

With what component of hemoglobin is almost all O2 in the blood combined?

Iron

How many thicknesses of tissue must gases diffuse through?

2

What is the pigment in blood that carries O2 and CO2?

Hemoglobin

What does the temperature of incoming air adjust to?

Body Temperature

In which two brain stem regions are neurons that make up the breathing center formed?

Medulla Oblongata and Pons

Does sneezing serve a respiratory function?

YES

Does hiccuping serve a respiratory function?

NO

Does crying serve a respiratory function?

NO

Does yawning serve a respiratory function?

YES

Does speaking serve a respiratory function?

NO

Does coughing serve a respiratory function?

YES

Does laughing serve a respiratory function?

NO

What do basic breathing patterns involve?

2 groups of intermingled neurons controlling Inspiration and Expiration

Are respiratory muscles controlled voluntarily?

Yes, but normal breathing is Rhythmic and Involuntary.

What waste does blood flowing through capillaries in body tissues gain?

CO2

What is formed when CO2 bonds to hemoglobin?

Carbaminohemoglobin

How many thicknesses of epithelial cells and basement membrane lie between air in the alveoli and blood in the capillaries?

2

What is the transport of gases a function of?

Blood

In the lungs, what dissolves in the blood and combines with iron in hemoglobin?

O2 forming Oxyhemoglobin

Can O2 and CO2 be carried by the same hemoglobin at the same time?

YES

What part of a hemoglobin molecule does O2 bond to?

Iron

What part of a hemoglobin molecule does CO2 bond to?

Amino Group

What is the larynx commonly called?

Voicebox

What helps to close the larynx during swallowing?

False Vocal Cords

What produce sound by vibrating?

True Vocal Cords

Where is breathing controlled in the brain stem?

Respiratory Center

What reflex helps to control the rate and depth of breathing?

Inflation Reflex

What bonds form between O2 and hemoglobin?

Weak bonds