Physics Fundamentals and Measurement Review

Vocabulary and key concepts from the physics lecture transcript covering units, kinematics, and basic dynamics.

SI base unit for mass

kilogram

SI base unit for time

seconds

SI base unit for distance

meters

Standard SI unit for speed

$m/s$ (meters per second)

Metric prefix for $0.01$

centi

SI unit of momentum

$$N \cdot s$$

SI base unit for temperature

Kelvin

Conversion factor from kph to $m/s$

$$0.278$$

Amplitude

The maximum displacement from equilibrium for vibrational motion.

Scientific notation

The method used for writing very small or large numbers.

SI base unit for amount of a substance

mol

Acceleration

The rate of change in velocity.

Standard SI unit of acceleration

$$m/s^2$$

Inertia

A property most closely associated with mass.

Vector

A quantity with magnitude and direction.

Acceleration of gravity near Earth’s surface

$$9.8\,m/s^2$$

Virtual image

An image formed where light rays do not actually pass.

Action-reaction forces

Forces that always act on different objects.

Relative speed (moving $45\,mph$ vs. $55\,mph$)

$$10\,mph$$

Greatest range angle for a projectile

$$45^{\circ}$$

Initial speed from rest

$$0\,m/s$$

Initial velocity of a dropped object

$$0\,m/s$$

Speed of a vertically thrown ball at maximum height

$$0\,m/s$$