Intersectionality and gender

When did Ghavami and Peplau conduct their study?

2012 1

What was Ghavami and Pepleau 2012 study?

Looked into perceptions of Blacks and women, found Black women did not fit with either perceptions of Blacks or of women.

When did Calabrese et al conduct their study?

2014 1

When did Cech et al conduct their study?

2022

What was Cech et al 2022 study?

Survey comparing WAHM identities with other identities. Found better results for higher saleries, career respect and social inclusion.

When did Thomas et al conduct their study?

2014 2

What was Thomas et al 2014 study?

Looked into recognition of faces, p’s given Black and white faces. Found poorer recognition for black women both as Blacks and as women. Higher overall error rate for Black women as well.

When did McMahon and Kahn conduct their study?

2016

What was McMahon and Kahn 2016 study?

Looked into benevolent sexism across women. Found men more likely to be benvolently sexist to white women when race was described. But men more likely to be benevolent sexism when womens race and behaviour (eg: Black chaste women) to black women. But they werent evaluated any better so not positive for them.

When did Campbell et al conduct their study?

2023

What was Campbell et al 2023 study?

Studied hostile sexism, Black ps more hostile sexism to white and visa versa. More benevolent sexism was found towards Black women they have to conform to norms to have hollow protection.

When did Galinsky et al conduct their study?

2013

When did Hall et al conduct their study

2015

What did Hall (2015) and Galinksy et al 2013 find

Looked into gendered racism, found white to be the norm, neither fem nor masc. Asians seen as more feminine and Blacks more masculine. Changes perception of fit in jobs, police use of force etc.

When was Swencionis and Goffs study carried out?

2017

What was Swencionis and Goff 2017 study?

Gave p’s VR scenario, aggressive man either B or W. More likely to shoot if the man is Black. Linked to masculinity threat.

What is masculinity threat?

When men feel their masculinity is threatened and therefore act aggressively to overcompensate for this?

What is the subordinate male hypothesis?

Where there is a dominant figure eg: dominant race, where some individuals dont fit, they are seen as subordinate and face adverse consequences as a result.

When did Shih et al conduct their study?

1999

What was Shih et al 1999 study?

Tested Asian American women on maths test. Found that when race made salient created a stereotype boost where they did better on the test, when gender made salient created stereotype threat = do worse.

When did Cheryan et al conduct their study?

2000

What was Cheryan et al 2000 study?

Looked into the maths test effect. Found if race overexeggerated leads to negative impact on score where individuals feel they cant live up to it, pressure = worse performance.

When did Rattan et al conduct their study?

2019

What was Rattan et al 2019 study?

Gave two job applications, with stereotypical asian or american names. Asian names meant rated higher and were more likely to get given the job.

When did Sesko and Biernet conduct their study?

2010

What was Sesko and Biernet 2010 study?

Studied facial and phrase recognition. Black womens faces less recognised and their phrases less attributed to them.

When did Cole and Zucker conduct their study?

2007

What was Cole and Zucker 2007 study?

Looked at defintions of feminism between Black and white women. Found feminist identification for black women associated with feminity whereas for white women it was more focused on removal of stereotypical gender roles.

When did Moss et al conduct their study?

2017 2

What was Moss et al 2017 study?

Looked into why muslims are often prejudiced against. Found this was due to the belief that muslims dont believe in gender equality like christians do. More feelings of differences between us and them type thing = more discrim (social identity theory).

When did Bowleg et al conduct their study?

2008W

What was Bowleg et al 2008 study?

Looked into Black lesbians, found identities shouldnt be studied seperatley but discussed as intersectioning identitiy. This makes intersectionality harder to study as its worse to look at connected identities.

When did Goff et al conduct their study?

2008

When was Goff et al 2 study conducted?

2017

Goff et al 2008

Found black women seen as less attractive than white due to gendered races.W

What was Goff et al 2017

Police more likely to shoot Black men than white. question of racial bias or masculinity threat

When did Purdie-Vaughns and Eichbach conduct their study?

2008

What was Purdie-Vaughns and Eichbachs 2008 study?

Looked into intersectional invisiblity where indiivudals are disadvantaged due to not fitting with prototypical ideas. Can be pos causing less discrim but can also mean theyre left out of things.