Web Development 1.3

Agile Methodology

A software development process that includes requirement and solution discovery throughout the project and organizes tasks into sprints.

Application Programming Interface (API)

A set of functions and procedures that allow programmers to create applications that interact with data and other features of a device or service, such as a website or database.

DevOps

A software development method that integrates the functions of IT operations with development and makes use of automation tools to reduce the time between receiving feedback and initiating a development cycle.

Full-Stack Developers

Individuals who can be involved in all aspects of a website or software development project.

Kanban

Japanese for visual board or sign, and a task management methodology that uses cards to represent tasks, which are organized on a board based on their status.

Minimum Viable Product (MVP)

A simple early version of a product that meets only the basic requirements for use and can be adapted and improved after user feedback is collected.

Pair Programming

A staffing approach wherein two developers are assigned to the same task and work side by side on a single workstation.

Project Management Methodology

A set of guiding principles and processes used in planning, managing, and executing a project.

Scrum

An agile software development method that includes continuous requirement and solution discovery; however, the sprint teams are encouraged to self-manage and reflect using daily scrum meetings.

Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

A cyclical process containing the five to seven phases of software development that is carried out repeatedly until the end of the life of the software product.

Specialized Developers

An approach to software development that involves a team of individuals with specific skills, or expertise, each focused on one aspect of a website or software development project.

Waterfall Methodology

A sequential development process that flows from one phase of the project to the next, like a waterfall, each phase being completed before the next begins.

Cloud Computing

On-demand high availability system resources for data storage and processing available via the Internet for handling operations without direct actions taken by the user.

Endpoints

The URLs of an API that trigger specific operations by the API.

Microservice

An architectural pattern in software development wherein the application is composed of multiple, loosely coupled, purpose-specific services.

Model View Controller (MVC)

A software structural pattern designed to help organize and design any software application that requires the user to interact with a complex data structure.

Monolithic

A poor practice of coding wherein all code is combined into a single code structure with no modularization or abstraction.

SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol)

A messaging protocol specification designed for exchanging information and utilized to design web services.

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

A method of software development that uses software components called services to create web applications.

Web Services

Software that supports the interoperability of different machines or systems through a network.

XML Information Set

XML InfoSet is a W3C specification describing an abstract data model created using XML and used to represent sets of information items.

Bootstrap

A free and open-source CSS framework designed for creating responsive, mobile-first front-end interfaces.

CSS Flexbox

A CSS layout management model that allows responsive elements within a container to be automatically arranged based on screen sizes. Also called flexbox.

Content Swap Method

A responsive web design technique that replaces entire sections of content with another by swapping the visibility of the two sections.

Flex-Direction

A property of flexbox that determines whether flex items within a container stack horizontally, row, or vertically, column.

Hamburger Navigation Menu

An icon consisting of three stacked lines that indicate a hidden menu.

Media Feature Rule

A media query condition that tests a given feature of a device to determine if and when a set of CSS style rules should be activated or deactivated.

Media Query

A CSS feature that can be configured to activate or deactivate CSS style rules based on set conditions.

Media Type

The condition of a media query that specifies what type of device should receive the CSS style rules.

Pagination

The process of dividing content up into discrete pages.

Pixels

Short for “picture elements”; the smallest addressable elements in a raster image or digital display screen.

Rem

A unit of measurement for fonts in web development that sizes fonts relative to the font-size value of the root HTML element.

Responsive Design

The same as responsive web design; an approach to web development that enables a website to automatically adapt to different device screen sizes.

W3.CSS

A small robust free CSS framework designed for creating responsive, mobile-first front-end interfaces.

Browser Caching

A browser process wherein web content is temporarily stored on the local system to improve performance.

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)

A web attack when a malicious attacker tricks the victim into submitting an HTTP request that allows the attacker to perform state-changing operations on behalf of the victim.

Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)

A type of web attack when the attacker inserts malicious code into a site page that victims visit.

Input Validation

A mechanism for verifying that the data values provided are in the expected format.

Output Sanitation

The process of examining the data being returned by a request and removing or encoding data to reduce security risks.

Performance Monitoring

The ongoing process of creating a benchmark of performance and then using current metrics to manage and improve performance deficiencies.

SQL Injection

A type of web attack when malicious SQL code is inserted into a web form and then executed by the server.

Semantic Tags

HTML tags that reinforce the meaning of the information in the webpage as opposed to only defining its position and appearance.

Version Control System

A tool that tracks changes in your codebase and can easily roll back to previous versions if needed.