Erikson

definiton

The interplay between psychological maturation and increased social expectations creating challenges an individual must resolve for optimal development.

1. Trust vs. Mistrust

The first psychosocial crisis occurring from birth to one year where the infant learns to trust the world.

2. Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt

The psychosocial challenge for toddlers regarding bodily self-control, such as potty training.

3. Initiative vs. Guilt

Stage of development (3 to 6 years) where children explore the world through curiosity and activity.

4. Industry vs. Inferiority

Child's apprenticeship in life, learning to strive for accomplishment.

5. Identity vs. Identity Diffusion

Adolescent stage where one understands their life path versus feeling lost.

6. Intimacy vs. Isolation

Stage focusing on whether individual identity will expand into shared identity or lead to estrangement.

7. Identity Achievement

Status of having explored and made commitments to one's identity.

8. Generativity vs. Stagnation

Adult stage focused on widening social commitments to care for others versus self-absorption.

9. Integrity vs. Despair

Final stage of reflecting on life experiences with either appreciation or bitterness.

identity achievement

• have gone through period of exploration toward making identity commitments 

foreclosure

• made identity commitments without period of exploration 

moratoriums

• actively exploring identity commitments 

• a period of physical/cognitive maturity and yet sanctioned postponed of definitive commitment 

diffusion

• lacks both commitments and time of exploration  

identity

• a sense of continuity; between one’s past, present, and future selves; being at home in one’s body; knowing where one is going; recognition from others