unit 5 test review

Potential Energy

Energy that an object has because of its position or shape.

Kinetic Energy

Energy of an object due to its motion.

Mechanical Energy

Amount of work an object can do because of its kinetic and potential energies.

Law of Conservation of Energy

Energy of an object is conserved, and the total amount of energy in a system remains constant.

Acceleration

Rate at which velocity changes over time.

Velocity

Object's speed in a given direction.

Centripetal Acceleration

Acceleration of an object in a circular path.

Speed

Object's distance traveled divided by the time it took to travel.

Velocity

Speed with a specific direction.

Forces

Interactions that cause objects to accelerate or deform.

Contact Forces

Forces that require objects to touch in order to affect motion.

Non-Contact Forces

Forces that can act on objects from a distance without physical contact.

Balanced Forces

Forces that cancel each other out, resulting in no change in an object's motion.

Normal Force

The force exerted by a surface that supports an object against gravity.

Newton's Second Law of Motion

States that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.

Unbalanced Forces

Forces that result in a change in an object's motion.

Net Force

The overall force acting on an object, determined by the combination of all forces acting on it.

Inertia

The tendency of an object to resist changes in its motion.

Newton's Laws of Motion

Three fundamental laws describing the relationship between forces, masses, and accelerations.

Law of Gravitation

Describes the gravitational force between two objects, dependent on their masses and the distance between them.