Head and Face

Orbit

bone around eye socket

Frontal Bone

upper half (eyebrow)

Zygotmatic

side (cheek)

Maxilia

under eye

Optic nerve

The blind spot

Cornea

Gives protection

Iris

Gives color (dilate)

Pupil

Focuses light into lens

Globe

Full eyeball

Scelera

White part of the eye

Conjuctiva

Mucus

Lens

Focus

Emmetropia

20/20 vision (me/normal)

Myopia

Nearsightedness

Hyperopia

Farsightedness

Hematoma

Bruising

Enopthalmas

Eyes sunk in

Exothalmas

Eyes bulging

Stye

Infection of sweat or oil gland

Hyphema

Fluid in the eye

Anisocoria

Uneven

Conjunctivitis

Pink eye

Periorbital hematoma

Black eye

Auricular hematoma

Cauliflower ear

Otitus Externa

Swimmers ear

Epistaxis

Nose bleed

Raccoon eyes

periorbital ecchymosis

TMJ Dysfunction

Catch all

TMJ Dislocation

Anterior and bilateral

Dental Injuries Referral Rule

Any problems = refer in 6 hours or less

Total avulsion

stick it back in

Fx to enamel

Visible; only cosmetic disruption

Root fx

unseen, but causes looseness & crepitation

Pinky rule for lacerations

If it is as wide or long as your pinky

Imbedded objects in lacerations

DO NOT REMOVE!

Cerebrum

Motor function, Sensory info, Cognition & memory

Cerebellum

Balance and coordination

Brain stem

Regulates involuntaries: heart rate, respiration, bp, etc.

Dura Mater

Protection, "Hard mother", Outermost

Pia Mater

Soft, "Tender mother", Envelops brain

Coup

Moving object strikes head, SAME SIDE

Countrecoup

Moving head strikes stationary object, OPPOSITE SIDE

Battle's sign

ecchymosis, indicating basilar skull fracture

Halo test

Use a kleenex and put on nose or ear, If + then there will be a ring of liquid

Retrograde amnesia

Memory loss of events just prior to injury

Anterograde amnesia

Memory loss of events that have occurred since the injury

Mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI)

Aka "concussion", Immediate but transient posttraumatic impairment of brain function

Second Impact Syndrome

No LOC, appears "dazed", Within minutes the athlete will collapse into a coma and show signs of cranial nerve and brain stem pressure

Epidural Hematoma

Bruising/bleeding outside of the brain, Above the dura mater, Arterial

Subdural Hematoma

In the dura mater, Slower, Collapse a few days later

Decerebate Posture

At the brainstem, Extension of extremities and retraction of the head

Decorticate Posture

Above brain stem, Flexion of the elbows, wrists, clenched fists, and extension of lower extremity