bio vocab terms

genotype

Bb, BB, bb

phenotype

set of observeable characteristics and traits like eye color and height

homozygous

an individual who has inherited identical versions (alleles) of a specific gene from both biological parents

heterozygous

having two different versions (alleles) of a specific gene—one inherited from each parent

allele

one of two or more versions of DNA sequence

law of segregation

an organism has two alleles for each trait that separate during gamete formation

Law of independent assortment

the alleles of two or more different genes are sorted into gametes independently of one another

law of dominance

When an organism inherits two different alleles for a trait (heterozygous), one allele acts as the dominant, "winning out" over the other, which is recessive.

incomplete dominance

a form of genetic inheritance where neither allele is completely dominant over the other, resulting in a blended or "intermediate" phenotype in heterozygous individuals

complete dominance

the dominant allele completely masks the recessive one