What sort of monarch did Elizabeth promise to be?

What happened to Elizabeth I’s mother?

Anne Boleyn had been executed when Elizabeth was 3

Who did Elizabeth spend her childhood with?

with her sister Mary & had lessons with her brother Edward

What was Elizabeth’s relation towards her Father?

loved her father - wanted to emulate his powerful character when Queen

What was Elizabeth’s relation towards her Father’s last wife, Catherine Parr?

very close to her - mother figure

What happened between Elizabeth I and Thomas Seymour?

believed that Thomas Seymour (Catherine Parr’s second husband) sexually assaulted her when she lived with them after Henry’s death

What was Elizabeth’s Character like?

• great judge of character

• calculating

• intelligent

• mentally strong - survived Tower of London twice during Mary I’s reign

• shred - specially at politics

How did Elizabeth consolidate her power through how she presented herself?

• appeared before the crowds in London on numerous occasions - partaking in pageants

• had impressive portraits painted to show everyone who she was

• went on progresses around the country

How did Elizabeth consolidate her power through her government policies?

• halved size of the Privy Council - 20 men

• quickly decided upon a religious settlement to create stability

How quickly was Elizabeth I crowned Queen?

within 2 months

What was Elizabeth I’s religious beliefs?

Protestant

• Anne Boleyn was Protestant & raised in a Protestant household with Catherine Parr

• had to conform to Catholic faith under Mary I, but had been raised a Protestant

What was Queen Mary I’s legacy?

• English faith reverted to Catholicism

• impacts of a series of poor harvests, inflation & the cost of war in France

• sweating sickness epidemic had killed 5% of the people

• England’s pride, economic & security had been dealt a blow by war with France & loss of Calais

On ascending to the throne, what were Elizabeth’s short-term aims?

• to consolidate her position

• settlement of religious issues

• pursue a peaceful settlement with the French

Why was Elizabeth’s Succession so complicated?

Henry VIII had 3 succession acts during his reign

• 1st Act of Succession 1534 - Elizabeth 1st in line

• 2nd Act of Succession - removed her from line

• 3rd Act of Succession 1543 - reinstated into succession

How did Edward VI try to remove Elizabeth I’s succession?

removed her from succession in favour of Lady Jane Grey

How did Mary I try to support Elizabeth I’s succession?

Queen Mary I named Elizabeth as her heir

• legitimised herself in the 3rd succession act - but not Elizabeth

What were the four problems Elizabeth faced when she ascended to the throne?

• made illegitimate in Henry’s Act of Succession

• woman

• unmarried & had no heir

• religion was cause of rebellion

What are some speculations on Elizabeth I’s reluctance to marry?

• Mary I’s marriage to Phillip II - unpopular & led to rebellion

• marrying an Englishman could create more fraction rivalry

• fear of losing her autonomy as Queen

• saw all her father’s marriages breakdown

• sexual assault by Thomas Seymour may have put her off marriage

How old was Elizabeth I when she became Queen?

25

When was Elizabeth proclaimed Queen by parliament?

same day that Mary I died - 17 November 1558

How many of Mary’s councillors pledged their loyalty to Elizabeth within days of Mary’s death?

9

Who did Elizabeth I immediately appoint as her Secretary?

William Cecil

Why did Elizabeth I refuse to name other appointments?

kept Mary’s Catholic councillors guessing

Why was there a succession crisis in 1562?

Elizabeth developed smallpox and there was a strong possibility that she wouldn’t survive

Who were Elizabeth’s potential successors in the succession crisis of 1562?

• Lady Catherine Grey

• Mary, Queen of Scots

• Robert Dudley, the Earl of Leicester

When Parliament assembled in January 1563, due to the succession crisis, what did Elizabeth refuse?

refused to commit herself to marrying or naming an heir