Behavioral

What is a behavioral emergency?

Behavior that interferes with core life functions, poses a threat to the life or well-being of the patient or others, and deviates significantly from society’s expectations or norms

What are the three causes of behavioral emergencies?

Biological, psychosocial, and sociocultural

What are biological causes of behavioral emergencies?

Related to disease process or structural changes

What are psychosocial causes of behavioral emergencies?

Related to personality style, unresolved conflicts, or crisis management methods

What are sociocultural causes of behavioral emergencies?

Related to the patient’s actions and interactions with society

What is delirium?

Rapid onset of widespread and disorganized thought

What cognitive function is disturbed in delirium?

Executive function

What is dementia?

Gradual development of memory impairment and cognitive disturbances

What is aphasia?

Expression of speech

What is apraxia?

Familiar movements

What is agnosia?

Recognition of objects

What are the symptoms of schizophrenia?

Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior, and flat affect

What are the types of schizophrenia?

Paranoid, disorganized, catatonic, and undifferentiated

What are the key diagnostic features of a panic attack?

Differentiate from medical conditions, four symptoms peaking within 10 minutes, fear of losing control, going crazy, or dying

What fear is commonly associated with panic attacks?

Fear of losing control, going crazy, or dying

What cardiovascular symptom is associated with panic attacks?

Palpitations

What sweating-related symptom is associated with panic attacks?

Sweating

What muscular symptom is associated with panic attacks?

Trembling or shaking

What respiratory symptom is associated with panic attacks?

Shortness of breath

What throat-related symptom is associated with panic attacks?

Feelings of choking

What chest symptom is associated with panic attacks?

Chest pain

What gastrointestinal symptoms are associated with panic attacks?

Nausea and abdominal distress

What neurologic symptom is associated with panic attacks?

Paresthesia

What temperature-related symptom is associated with panic attacks?

Hot flashes

What perception-related symptom is associated with panic attacks?

Derealization

What balance-related symptoms are associated with panic attacks?

Dizziness and unsteadiness

How many symptoms are required for Major Depressive Disorder?

Five or more symptoms

Over what time period must symptoms occur for Major Depressive Disorder?

Same 14-day period

What mood symptom is required in Major Depressive Disorder?

Depressed mood lasting all day, nearly every day

What interest-related symptom occurs in Major Depressive Disorder?

Diminished interest and pleasure in daily activities

What weight-related symptom occurs in Major Depressive Disorder?

Significant weight change

What sleep-related symptom occurs in Major Depressive Disorder?

Insomnia

What activity-related symptom occurs in Major Depressive Disorder?

Psychomotor agitation

What self-worth symptom occurs in Major Depressive Disorder?

Feelings of worthlessness

What cognitive symptom occurs in Major Depressive Disorder?

Diminished ability to think

What death-related symptom occurs in Major Depressive Disorder?

Recurrent thoughts of death

What mnemonic is used for Major Depressive Disorder?

In Sad Cages

I in In Sad Cages

Interest (Loss of)

S in In Sad Cages

Sleep disturbance

A in In Sad Cages

Appetite change

D in In Sad Cages

Depressed mood

C in In Sad Cages

Concentration

A in In Sad Cages

Activity (loss)

G in In Sad Cages

Guilt

E in In Sad Cages

Energy (loss)

S in In Sad Cages

Suicide (ideation)