M biology

Cells are the ___ of life.

Building blocks

All living things are made of?

Cells

Smallest unit of life?

Cell

Organism means?

Living thing

Cells need what to survive?

Nutrients, water, energy

Cells remove?

Waste

Can most cells be seen with eyes alone?

No

Tool used to see cells?

Microscope

Unicellular means?

One cell

Multicellular means?

Many cells

Humans are uni or multicellular?

Multicellular

Example of unicellular organism?

E-coli bacteria

Specialized cells do what?

Specific jobs

Nerve cells do what?

Send information

Immune cells do what?

Defend the body

Cells work together to form?

Organisms

"Uni" means?

One

"Multi" means?

Many

Cell membrane job?

Controls entry and exit

Cytoplasm is?

Jelly-like material inside cell

Tiny cell parts called?

Organelles

Organelle means?

Mini organ

Organelles do what?

Keep cell alive

Mitochondria are?

Energy factories

Mitochondria break down?

Sugar

Why break down sugar?

Release energy

Nucleus is?

Control centre

Nucleus contains?

DNA

Genes are?

Instructions for the cell

Photosynthesis happens in?

Chloroplasts

Chloroplast colour?

Green

Chloroplasts make?

Sugar/food

6CO2 + 6H2O + light → C6H12O6 + 6O2

Photosynthesis equation

Cell wall job?

Structure and support

Animal cells have cell walls?

No

Cell diagrams perfectly accurate?

No, simplified models

Both plant and animal cells have?

Cell membrane, cytosol, nucleus, mitochondria

Plant-only parts?

Cell wall and chloroplasts

Cell wall makes plants?

Firm and stiff

Why is celery firm?

Cell walls

Why is raw chicken floppy?

No cell walls

Chloroplasts do what?

Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis means?

Plants making food from sunlight

Chloroplasts make?

Sugars

Mitochondria do with sugar?

Turn it into energy

Plants are green because of?

Chloroplasts

Humans have chloroplasts?

No

Cells working together form?

Tissues

Tissues working together form?

Organs

Organs working together form?

Organ systems

Organ systems form?

The body

Tissue means?

Group of similar cells

Organ means?

Different tissues working together

Organ system means?

Organs working together

Mouth-protecting tissue?

Epithelial tissue

Respiratory system does what?

Breathing

Respiratory organs?

Lungs, trachea, nose, diaphragm

Diaphragm contracts = ?

Air enters lungs

Humans breathe in?

Oxygen

Humans breathe out?

Carbon dioxide

Gas exchange happens in?

Lungs

Brain job?

Coordinates body functions

5 main senses?

Sight, smell, taste, touch, hearing

Nervous system does what?

Senses and responds

Sensory receptors are?

Cells that detect signals

Environmental signals called?

Stimuli

Mechanical stimuli = ?

Touch and sound

Chemical stimuli = ?

Smell and taste

Electromagnetic stimuli = ?

Light/sight

Nerve cells send?

Electrical signals

Signals travel to?

Brain

Brain does what with info?

Processes it

Brain can create?

Responses and memories

Information flow?

Stimulus → receptor → nerves → brain → response

Cell membrane = ?

Security gate

Cytoplasm = ?

Jelly filling

Organelles = ?

Mini organs

Mitochondria = ?

Power stations

Nucleus = ?

Control room

Chloroplasts = ?

Solar panels

Cell wall = ?

Hard shell

Receptors = ?

Detectors

Nerves = ?

Wires

Brain = ?

Control centre

Reproduction means?

Making offspring.

Parents pass on?

Genes/genetic information

 Genes are like

Instructions/blueprints.

2 types of reproduction?

 Asexual and sexual

Asexual reproduction uses?

One parent

Asexual offspring are?

Identical/clones

Bacteria reproduce by?

Binary fission

 Binary fission steps?

 Grow → copy DNA → split

Starfish reproduce by?

 Splitting apart.

Sexual reproduction uses?

Two parents.

 Sexual offspring are?

Unique/different.

 Sexual reproduction creates?

 Genetic variation

 Genetic variation means?

Differences in offspring.

 Why do siblings look different?

 Different gene combinations.

Reproductive success means?

More surviving offspring.

Peacocks use feathers for?

Attracting mates.