programimg fundimentals 2.2

What are the three programming constructs?

Sequence - ensures instructions are executed in order

Selection - decision making (IF, ELSE)

Iteration - repetition (WHILE, FOR)

What is the data type integer for?

Whole numbers only

What is the data type real/float for?

Numbers that include a fraction of decimal part

what is the data type Boolean for?

Conditions and logic

What is the data type character for?

A symbol or letter

What is the data type string for?

A sequence of characters

What is casting?

Changing data types of a variable

What is string manipulation?

Measuring the lengths of stringing and joining them together or slicing them

What does the string operation length do?

Returns the number of characters in a string

What does the string operation subString do?

Extracts a sequence of characters within a string

What does the string operation concatenation do?

Joins strings together

What is data structure?

Organising and storing related to data so it can be used efficiently

What is a record?

A data structure that is used to group different types of data under one structure

What is an array?

A fixed size data structure with a collection of similar data items stored under an single name

What is the SELECT command used for?

Retrieve information about a particular field in the database

what is the command FROM used for?

The data base being searched for

What is the command WHERE used for?

Applying conditions to the search

What is a sub program?

A section of code that performs a specific task

What is a function?

A type of subprogram that performs and task and returns a value

What is a procedure?

A type of sub program that performs and takes but does no return a value

Why are subprograms used?

To make the code more structured and modular

Allows code to be reused

Makes programs easier to test and maintain

Allows shared workload by splitting the development of sub programs across a team