PAP USH CH 16

USA Patriot Act

Controversial law passed after 9/11 that allowed law enforcement officials and intelligence agencies the power to conduct sweeping searches

The Transportation Security Act (TSA)

Government entity that took over security at US airports after US

Military Tribunals

Special courts used by the military to try individuals for violations of military or wartime laws.

Pakistan

Encouraged them to take a more aggressive stance in fighting terrorism

Iran

Despite increased economic and political sanctions, they continued through much of this time period to try to develop nuclear weapons

The “Arab” Spring

Anti-government rallies that sprung up oil over southwest Asia

Iraq

Obama gradually withdrew US troops that were replaced by iraqi forces

Isreal

Obama sought to work with this country and Palestinians to achieve a two-state solution but failed

Afghanistan

Obama initially increased the level of US troops in this area in an effort to stabilize the country

Europe

Maintained close ties with this country on issues like climate change

China

Continues to export a larger number of goods to Americans while buying a great deal of US Treasury notes

Syria

Site of a multi-sided civil war

2000 US Presidential Election

Contest between Republican candidate G Bush, and democratic candidate Al Gore

Department of Homeland Security

cabinet level federal entity created after 9/11 to keep the US secure from all threats; its activities range from nuclear detection and intelligence coordination to the protection of high-level government officials.

Guantanamo Bay

Ste of a US federal installation in Cuba where enemy combatants captured in Afghanistan

No Child Left Behind

Law that was a 2002 update of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. Effectively scaled up the federal role in holding schools accountable for student outcomes.

Pentagon

building in Washington D.C. ; third plane on 9/11 hit this place

September 11, 2001

19 militants associated with a Middle Eastern extremist group hijack 4 airlines and carried out suicide attacks against targets in the US

“War on Terror”

Global action launched by the US Government against those countries that harbor terrorists

Waterboarding

Controversial technique after 9/11 by American interrogators that stimulated drowning

World Trade Center

Once an icon for the global economy in New York, became a target for terrorism in 1993 and 2001; al Queda was solely responsible for the 9-11 attacks

Abu Gharib

American prison in Iraq where Iraq prisoners were tortured and humiliated.

Emergency Economic Stabilization Act

Authorized the secretary of the Treasury to spend up to $700 billion to buy distressed investments

Financial Crisis of 2008-2009

Sharp decline in economic activity during 2000s

Foreclosures

When homeowners cannot pay the mortgage, and the back takes back the house to sell it.

Hurricane Katrina

This storm struck the Gulf Coast of the US, when the storm made landfall, it had a Category 3 rating

Iraq War

Conflict consisted of two phases; the first o these brief, conventionally fought war in which a combined force from US and Great Britain invaded the Middle East

New Orleans Levees

Over 50 failures Corps of engineer embankments and flood walls protecting New Orleans, Louisiana, and its suburbs

The “Surge”

Refers to US President George Bush’s 2007 increase in number of American troops

Weapons of Mass Destruction

Nuclear, radio logical, chemical, biological or other weapons that can kill or bring significant harm to a large number of humans

2008 US Presidential Election

Barack Obama was elected president, becoming the first African American president and winning about 53% of the vote over John McCain.

Affordable Care Act

Us federal state that was signed into law and represents the most significant regulatory overhaul of the US healthcare program

American Recovery and Reinvestment Act

Was a stimulus package enacted by the US Congress in February 2009 to save and create jobs immediately

Auto Bailout

Chrysler and General Motors told America that they were in a danger of folding

Benghazi

Location of an attack that took place when the Islamic militants attacked the American diplomatic compound

BP

Company responsible for the deep water horizon oil spill

Dodd-Frank Act

Compendium of federal regulations, primary affecting financial institutions and their customers

Obergefell v. Hodges

Court held S- 4 decision that the fundamental right to marry is guaranteed to same-sex couples

Acid Rain

Manty pollutants released by industry and automobile exhausts turn into acids that are washed out by precipitation

AIDS/HIV

Several classes of antiretroviral agents that act on different stages of HIV life cycle

Computer Revolution

Access to informational technology has grown rapidly

E-Commence

Doing business on the internet

Endangered Species Act

Gave federal government special powers to protect the environment

EPA

Sets air and water pollution standards for cities

Free Enterprise System

Allows people to use their own economic resources to produce goods

Genetic Engineering

Science making changes to the genes of an organism to make a desired result

Global Warming

Some pollutants in the atmosphere prevent heat from escaping into space

GPS

Space-based navigation system that provides location and time information

Greenhouse Effect

Inability of pollutants from escaping into space may permanentaly raise temperatures

Information Technology

Study or use of systems for storing information

Innovation

Consists of pf inventing a product or process and putting it into effect

Internet

World-wide linking of computers

“Just-In-Time” Production

When parts arrive at the precise moment in the manufacturing process

LED

Semiconductor diode that emits light when voltage in applied to it and is used in technology

Multinational Corporation

Company that has set subsidiaries in several countries

Ozone Layer

Absorbs ultraviolent radiation passing through Earth’s atmosphere

Robotics

Technology dealing with design, construction, and operation of automated machines

Sierra Club

Environment organization that promotes public awareness on protecting the environment

Silicon Chips

Allowed computer hardware to be miniaturized

Technology

use of tools and techniques to meet human needs

Three Mile Island

Accident raised fears that nuclear power might impose dangers

Time-Study Analysis

Trains observer records how long it takes a qualified worker to perform a task.

Water Pollution

Contamination of lakes, rivers, oceans, and aquifers

Demography

Study of populations

Facebook

A corporation and online social networking service headquartered in Mahlo Park, California

Films, Television, and the Internet

Hollywood studios produce films shown around the world

Google

American multinational technology company specializing in internet-related services

Illegal Immigrants

People who cross America’s boarders without officially entering the country

Legal Immigrants

Those who apply for and receive visas for permanent residence

Music and Visual Arts

Music industry produced vinyl records, cassette tapes, compact discs, and most recently, digital download

Wikipedia

Free-access, free-content internet encyclopedia, supported and hosted by a non-profit foundation

Covid-19

Infectious disease caused by a newly discovered corona virus

1/6/21

mob of Trump’s supporters attacked the US capitol building in Washington DC

Dobbs V. Jackson Women’s Health Organization

Case which overturned roe v wade and planned parenthood v. casey

al-Qaeda

Terrorist organization by Osama Bin Laden

Osama bin-Laden

Was responsible for many deadly acts of terrorism

George W. Bush

43rd President of the US and known for leading his country’s response to 9/11 and Iraq war.

Al Gore

Vice President of Clinton and Democratic nominee of 2000

Ralph Nader

A consumer advocate who ran for president as the Green Party candidate in 2000, receiving about 2.8 million votes and drawing support that may have affected the election outcome.

Taliban

Islamic fundamentalists who gave sanctuary to al-Queda in Afghanistan before and after 9/11

Saddam Hussein

President Iraq whose brutal rule was marked by costly and unsuccessful wars

Hillary Clinton

Ran unsuccessfully against Obama for the Democratic nomination for President

ISIS

Radical jihadist group that attempted to create a new caliphate in Syria and Iraq

Elena Kagan

Woman and former Harvard Law School Dean that was nominated by Obama

John McCain

Republican Arizona Senator that ran unsuccessfully for president in 2008

Barrack Obama

44th President of US, first African American to serve as US President

Sarah Pallin

Governor of Alaska who was the 2nd woman ever selected by majority as Vice President

Seal Team

special forces that entered Pakistan, where they were able to track down and kill Al-Qaeda terrorist Osama bin Laden in 2011

Sonia Sotomayor

US court of appeals judge that become the 1st Hispanic Justice in the Supreme Court

The Tea Party

Conservative populist social and political movement that emerged in 2009

Oprah Winfrey

Media glint chose endorsement helped Obama win President nominee

Amy Conet Barrett

A conservative Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, appointed by President Donald Trump in 2020 and the fifth woman to serve on the Court.

Joe Biden

Democrat elected the 46th President of the US and was worm in at the age of 78

Kamala Harris

Former Senator of California and became Vice President of US who was the first African American and Asian descent to hold office

Ketanji Brown Jackson

6th woman and first African American woman to serve the Supreme Court

Neil Gorsuch

Conservative Justice from Colorado, and was 1st appointed by Trump

Brett Kavanaugh

Associate Justice to supreme court, filled the seat of Anthony Kennedy

Mitch McConnel

Republican senate leader who failed in the republican effort to repeal and replace Obama care

Robert Mueller

Republican who was an FBI chief under George Bush and Obama’s presidency