Immunology and Serology Pre-Exam Review

A comprehensive set of flashcards covering key topics and concepts from the Immunology and Serology Pre-Exam.

What antigen is most commonly used in the anti-double-stranded DNA procedure?

C. Crithidia luciliae

What test result is often seen in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus?

A. High titers of DNA antibody

In which condition is a positive ANA with anti-centromere antibodies most frequently observed?

C. CREST syndrome

What type of false test may rheumatoid factor in a patient's serum cause?

A. Positive test for the detection of IgM class antibodies

How are rheumatoid factors defined?

C. Autoantibodies with specificity for the Fc portion of the immunoglobulin (IgG) molecule.

What is commonly elevated that can lead to false-positive rheumatoid factor in agglutination tests?

A. Cryoglobulin

In chronic active hepatitis, which antibodies are typically seen in high titers?

B. Anti-smooth muscle

What antibodies characteristically detected in pernicious anemia?

D. Anti-parietal cell

What determines the specificity of an immunoassay?

C. The antibody used in the assay.

In sensitivity analysis of a laboratory test, what does sensitivity mean?

A. Percentage of positive specimens correctly identified.

Which antibody detection method involves first exposing a substrate to a patient's serum?

C. Indirect fluorescence

What describes antigen-antibody precipitation reactions of non-identity?

A. Precipitin lines cross, forming double spurs.

Which of the following describes a visible serological reaction between soluble antigen and its specific antibody?

B. Precipitation.

What is the serum dilution of tube 7 after performing a serial dilution?

D. 1:2.097 x 10^{13}.

What indicates when the enzyme control tube in an ASO hemolytic assay shows no cell lysis?

C. Oxidation of the enzyme.

Which method is best for detecting infections due to viruses like rubella and HIV?

D. Antibody detection by EIA.

What does the combination of HBsAg, anti-HBc, and often HBeAg indicate?

A. Early acute phase HBV hepatitis.

What does the disappearance of HBsAg and the appearance of anti-HBs signify?

C. Recovery phase of acute HBV hepatitis.

What are normal serum constituents that rapidly increase during infection referred to as?

B. Acute phase reactants.

What type of antigen-antibody reaction occurs when soluble antigen is added to homologous antibody?

A. Precipitation.

Which antigen flocculation test is used for syphilis?

C. Cardiolipin and lecithin.

What serological test detects cardiolipin-lecithin-cholesterol antigen?

B. RPR.

What does a beaded pattern of fluorescence in the FTA-ABS test indicate?

A. Positive identification of Treponema pallidum.

What should be considered for the clinical relevance of a cold agglutinin titer in mononucleosis?

A. Thermal range.