Lesson 1: Education

private school /ˌpraɪ.vət ˈskuːl/ ① She attended a private school in Hanoi.

n • EN: an independent school funded by tuition fees • VI: trường tư • Syn: independent school • Usage: —

prestigious /preˈstɪdʒ.əs/ ① He graduated from a prestigious university.

adj • EN: highly respected and admired • VI: danh giá • Syn: renowned, respected • Usage: —

deprived /dɪˈpraɪvd/ ① Children from deprived backgrounds need support.

adj • EN: lacking basic necessities/opportunities • VI: thiếu thốn • Syn: disadvantaged • Usage: (+ of)

government-run school /ˈɡʌv.ən.mənt rʌn skuːl/ ① Many children study in government-run schools.

n • EN: school operated by the state • VI: trường công lập • Syn: public school • Usage: —

ingenuity /ˌɪn.dʒəˈnjuː.ə.ti/ ① Human ingenuity has transformed society.

n • EN: ability to invent clever solutions • VI: sự khéo léo, sáng tạo • Syn: inventiveness • Usage: —

conspiracy /kənˈspɪr.ə.si/ ① Some believe it was part of a conspiracy.

n • EN: secret plan to do something harmful • VI: âm mưu • Syn: plot, scheme • Usage: —

utility /juːˈtɪl.ə.ti/ ① We should consider the utility of AI in education.

n • EN: usefulness or practical value • VI: tính hữu ích • Syn: usefulness • Usage: (+ of)

delusion /dɪˈluː.ʒən/ ① He lived under the delusion that he was famous.

n • EN: false belief despite evidence • VI: ảo tưởng • Syn: misconception • Usage: —

defensiveness /dɪˈfen.sɪv.nəs/ ① His defensiveness made communication difficult.

n • EN: tendency to resist criticism • VI: sự phòng thủ, thái độ phòng thủ • Syn: resistance • Usage: —

kindness /ˈkaɪnd.nəs/ ① Small acts of kindness matter.

n • EN: quality of being kind • VI: lòng tốt • Syn: compassion • Usage: —

forgiveness /fəˈɡɪv.nəs/ ① Forgiveness helps rebuild relationships.

n • EN: willingness to stop blaming someone • VI: sự tha thứ • Syn: mercy, pardon • Usage: —

utopia /juːˈtəʊ.pi.ə/ ① People dream of living in a utopia.

n • EN: imagined perfect society • VI: xã hội lý tưởng • Syn: paradise • Usage: —

utopian world /juːˈtəʊ.pi.ən wɜːld/ ① Technology may create a utopian world.

n phrase • EN: an ideal perfect world • VI: thế giới lý tưởng • Syn: ideal society • Usage: —

elementary school /ˌel.ɪˈmen.tər.i skuːl/ ① Children begin learning at elementary school.

n • EN: school for young children • VI: trường tiểu học • Syn: primary school • Usage: —

digital natives /ˌdɪdʒ.ɪ.təl ˈneɪ.tɪvz/ ① Teenagers today are digital natives.

n plural • EN: people raised with digital technology • VI: người lớn lên cùng công nghệ số • Syn: tech generation • Usage: —

digital immigrants /ˌdɪdʒ.ɪ.təl ˈɪm.ɪ.ɡrənts/ ① Older adults are often digital immigrants.

n plural • EN: people adapting to technology later in life • VI: người tiếp cận công nghệ muộn • Syn: late adopters • Usage: —

incorporate … into … /ɪnˈkɔː.pər.eɪt/ ① Schools should incorporate AI into lessons.

v • EN: include as part of something larger • VI: kết hợp vào • Syn: integrate • Usage: (+ into)

integrate … into … /ˈɪn.tɪ.ɡreɪt/ ① Teachers integrate technology into education.

v • EN: combine so parts work together • VI: tích hợp vào • Syn: merge • Usage: (+ into)

integration of … into … /ˌɪn.tɪˈɡreɪ.ʃən/ ① The integration of AI into schools is inevitable.

n • EN: process of combining things together • VI: sự tích hợp • Syn: incorporation • Usage: (+ of, + into)

information spreads rapidly /ˌɪn.fəˈmeɪ.ʃən spredz ˈræp.ɪd.li/ ① Online information spreads rapidly today.

phrase • EN: information circulates quickly • VI: thông tin lan truyền nhanh chóng • Syn: circulate quickly • Usage: —

instead /ɪnˈsted/ ① I stayed home instead. ② Instead, people rely on AI.

adv • EN: as an alternative • VI: thay vào đó • Syn: alternatively • Usage: sentence initial/mid

evaluate information /ɪˈvæl.ju.eɪt ˌɪn.fəˈmeɪ.ʃən/ ① Students must evaluate information critically.

phrase • EN: judge quality/accuracy of information • VI: đánh giá thông tin • Syn: assess information • Usage: —

a multitude of /ˈmʌl.tɪ.tjuːd/ ① There are a multitude of choices.

quantifier • EN: a very large number of • VI: vô số • Syn: numerous, countless • Usage: (+ plural noun)

come to an end /kʌm tə ən end/ ① The meeting came to an end.

phrase • EN: stop existing or finish • VI: kết thúc • Syn: finish, conclude • Usage: —

reach their full potential /riːtʃ ðeə(r) fʊl pəˈten.ʃəl/ ① Education helps children reach their full potential.

phrase • EN: develop abilities completely • VI: phát huy hết tiềm năng • Syn: maximize ability • Usage: —

productive members of /prəˈdʌk.tɪv/ ① Students become productive members of society.

phrase • EN: useful contributors to a group • VI: thành viên đóng góp hiệu quả • Syn: contributing members • Usage: (+ of)

peer /pɪə(r)/ ① Teenagers are influenced by their peers.

n • EN: person of same age/status • VI: bạn đồng trang lứa • Syn: companion • Usage: —

on a regular basis /ˈreɡ.jə.lər ˈbeɪ.sɪs/ ① Exercise on a regular basis.

phrase • EN: repeatedly and consistently • VI: thường xuyên • Syn: regularly • Usage: —

advocate /ˈæd.və.keɪt/ ① Experts advocate for stricter laws. ② She advocates equality.

v / n • EN: publicly support something • VI: ủng hộ, biện hộ • Syn: support, endorse • Usage: (+ for), (+ noun)

welder /ˈwel.dər/ ① My uncle works as a welder.

n • EN: person who joins metal using heat • VI: thợ hàn • Syn: metalworker • Usage: —

take something seriously /teɪk ˈsɪə.ri.əs.li/ ① Governments should take climate change seriously.

phrase • EN: treat something as important • VI: coi trọng • Syn: regard seriously • Usage: —

keep something adj /kiːp/ ① Keep the room clean.

structure • EN: cause something to remain in condition • VI: giữ cho cái gì ở trạng thái nào • Syn: maintain • Usage: (+ adj)

maintain /meɪnˈteɪn/ ① We must maintain social order. ② She maintains a healthy lifestyle.

v • EN: keep something at same level/state • VI: duy trì • Syn: preserve, sustain • Usage: —

oftentimes /ˈɒf.ən.taɪmz/ ① People oftentimes ignore warnings.

adv • EN: frequently • VI: thường xuyên • Syn: often • Usage: —

offended /əˈfen.dɪd/ ① I felt offended by his comment.

adj • EN: upset by disrespect • VI: bị xúc phạm • Syn: hurt, insulted • Usage: (+ by)

offensive /əˈfen.sɪv/ ① His joke was offensive to many people.

adj • EN: insulting or upsetting • VI: xúc phạm • Syn: insulting • Usage: (+ to)

final examination /ˌfaɪ.nəl ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ ① Students are preparing for the final examination.

n • EN: exam at end of course • VI: kỳ thi cuối kỳ • Syn: final exam • Usage: —

engaging /ɪnˈɡeɪ.dʒɪŋ/ ① The lesson was engaging.

adj • EN: interesting and attractive • VI: hấp dẫn • Syn: captivating • Usage: —

infamous /ˈɪn.fə.məs/ ① The city is infamous for crime.

adj • EN: well known for something bad • VI: tai tiếng • Syn: notorious • Usage: (+ for)

turn in something /tɜːn ɪn/ ① Students must turn in their assignments.

phrasal verb • EN: submit something officially • VI: nộp • Syn: submit • Usage: (+ noun)

retain information /rɪˈteɪn ˌɪn.fəˈmeɪ.ʃən/ ① Sleep helps students retain information better.

phrase • EN: keep information in memory • VI: ghi nhớ thông tin • Syn: remember • Usage: —

information retention /ˌɪn.fəˈmeɪ.ʃən rɪˈten.ʃən/ ① Repetition improves information retention.

n phrase • EN: ability to remember information • VI: khả năng ghi nhớ thông tin • Syn: memory retention • Usage: —

attend a school /əˈtend/ ① Millions of children attend school daily.

v • EN: go regularly to a place such as school • VI: theo học • Syn: go to school • Usage: —

syllabus /ˈsɪl.ə.bəs/ ① The syllabus covers six major topics.

n • EN: outline of subjects taught in course • VI: giáo trình, đề cương môn học • Syn: curriculum • Usage: —

compulsory education /kəmˈpʌl.sər.i ˌedʒ.ʊˈkeɪ.ʃən/ ① Primary education is compulsory in many countries.

n phrase • EN: education required by law • VI: giáo dục bắt buộc • Syn: mandatory education • Usage: —

vocational training /vəʊˈkeɪ.ʃən.əl ˈtreɪ.nɪŋ/ ① Many teenagers take vocational training after high school. ② Workers often undergo vocational training.

n phrase • EN: training for a specific job or trade • VI: đào tạo nghề • Syn: job training, technical training • Usage: (+ take), (+ undergo)

tertiary education /ˈtɜː.ʃər.i ˌedʒ.ʊˈkeɪ.ʃən/ ① More students pursue tertiary education nowadays. ② She underwent tertiary education abroad.

n phrase • EN: education after secondary school, especially university • VI: giáo dục bậc cao • Syn: higher education • Usage: (+ pursue), (+ undergo)

tuition fees /tjuːˈɪʃ.ən fiːz/ ① University tuition fees are expensive. ② Students struggle to pay tuition fees.

n plural • EN: money paid for education • VI: học phí • Syn: school fees • Usage: (+ pay)

problem-solving skills /ˈprɒb.ləm ˌsɒl.vɪŋ skɪlz/ ① Schools should develop problem-solving skills.

n plural • EN: ability to solve difficult situations • VI: kỹ năng giải quyết vấn đề • Syn: analytical skills • Usage: —

intellectual development /ˌɪn.təlˈek.tʃu.əl dɪˈvel.əp.mənt/ ① Reading contributes to intellectual development.

n phrase • EN: growth of thinking and reasoning ability • VI: phát triển trí tuệ • Syn: cognitive development • Usage: —

self-directed study /ˌself daɪˈrek.tɪd ˈstʌd.i/ ① University students need self-directed study habits.

n phrase • EN: learning managed by oneself • VI: tự học chủ động • Syn: autonomous learning • Usage: —

self-study /ˌself ˈstʌd.i/ ① Language learners benefit from self-study.

n • EN: studying by yourself without formal teaching • VI: tự học • Syn: independent learning • Usage: —

study independently /ˈstʌd.i ˌɪn.dɪˈpen.dənt.li/ ① Students should learn to study independently.

phrase • EN: learn without relying on others • VI: học độc lập • Syn: learn autonomously • Usage: —

hands-on experience /ˌhændz ɒn ɪkˈspɪə.ri.əns/ ① Internships help students gain hands-on experience.

n phrase • EN: practical experience gained by doing • VI: kinh nghiệm thực hành • Syn: practical experience • Usage: (+ gain)

rote learning /rəʊt ˈlɜː.nɪŋ/ ① Some schools rely too much on rote learning. ② Excessive rote learning limits creativity.

n phrase • EN: memorizing without understanding • VI: học vẹt • Syn: memorization • Usage: (+ rely on), (+ excessive)

personalized learning /ˈpɜː.sən.əl.aɪzd ˈlɜː.nɪŋ/ ① AI enables personalized learning for students.

n phrase • EN: learning tailored to each individual • VI: học tập cá nhân hóa • Syn: individualized instruction • Usage: —

individualized instruction /ˌɪn.dɪˈvɪdʒ.u.əl.aɪzd ɪnˈstrʌk.ʃən/ ① Teachers use individualized instruction to help weaker students.

n phrase • EN: teaching adapted for each learner • VI: giảng dạy cá nhân hóa • Syn: personalized learning • Usage: —

academic pressure /ˌæk.əˈdem.ɪk ˈpreʃ.ər/ ① Teenagers often face academic pressure.

n phrase • EN: stress related to studying • VI: áp lực học tập • Syn: educational stress • Usage: —

overcrowded classroom /ˌəʊ.vəˈkraʊ.dɪd ˈklɑːs.ruːm/ ① Overcrowded classrooms reduce teaching quality.

n phrase • EN: classroom with too many students • VI: lớp học quá đông • Syn: packed classroom • Usage: —

limited access to education /ˈlɪm.ɪ.tɪd ˈæk.ses/ ① Rural children may have limited access to education.

phrase • EN: restricted opportunity to receive education • VI: tiếp cận giáo dục hạn chế • Syn: unequal access • Usage: (+ to)

outdated teaching methods /ˌaʊtˈdeɪ.tɪd ˈtiː.tʃɪŋ ˈmeθ.ədz/ ① Outdated teaching methods discourage creativity.

n phrase • EN: old methods no longer effective • VI: phương pháp dạy lỗi thời • Syn: obsolete teaching methods • Usage: —

obsolete teaching methods /ˈɒb.sə.liːt ˈtiː.tʃɪŋ ˈmeθ.ədz/ ① Schools should replace obsolete teaching methods.

n phrase • EN: methods no longer useful • VI: phương pháp giảng dạy lỗi thời • Syn: outdated methods • Usage: —

pedagogy /ˈped.ə.ɡɒdʒ.i/ ① Modern pedagogy emphasizes creativity.

n • EN: method and practice of teaching • VI: phương pháp sư phạm • Syn: teaching approach • Usage: —

pedagogical /ˌped.əˈɡɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/ ① Teachers adopt innovative pedagogical methods.

adj • EN: related to teaching methods • VI: thuộc sư phạm • Syn: educational • Usage: (+ methods), (+ innovation)

digital literacy /ˌdɪdʒ.ɪ.təl ˈlɪt.ər.ə.si/ ① Students need digital literacy skills today.

n phrase • EN: ability to use digital technology effectively • VI: năng lực số • Syn: tech literacy • Usage: (+ skills)

practical application /ˈpræk.tɪ.kəl ˌæp.lɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/ ① Knowledge needs practical application.

n phrase • EN: real-life use of knowledge • VI: ứng dụng thực tiễn • Syn: real-world use • Usage: —

broaden one’s horizon /ˈbrɔː.dən/ ① Traveling helps broaden one’s horizon.

phrase • EN: expand knowledge and understanding • VI: mở mang tầm nhìn • Syn: widen perspective • Usage: —

well-rounded /ˌwel ˈraʊn.dɪd/ ① Schools should create well-rounded individuals.

adj • EN: developed in many aspects • VI: phát triển toàn diện • Syn: versatile • Usage: —

well-versed in /ˌwel ˈvɜːst/ ① She is well-versed in mathematics.

adj • EN: highly knowledgeable about something • VI: thành thạo, hiểu sâu • Syn: proficient in • Usage: (+ in)

lifelong /ˈlaɪf.lɒŋ/ ① Learning should be a lifelong process.

adj • EN: lasting throughout life • VI: suốt đời • Syn: permanent • Usage: —

impart knowledge to /ɪmˈpɑːt/ ① Teachers impart knowledge to students.

v phrase • EN: give knowledge formally • VI: truyền đạt kiến thức • Syn: convey knowledge • Usage: (+ to)

pass on knowledge to /pɑːs ɒn/ ① Parents pass on knowledge to children.

phrase • EN: transfer knowledge to others • VI: truyền lại kiến thức • Syn: transfer knowledge • Usage: (+ to)

be equipped with /ɪˈkwɪpt/ ① Graduates should be equipped with practical skills.

phrase • EN: have what is necessary • VI: được trang bị • Syn: furnished with • Usage: (+ with)

equip sb with /ɪˈkwɪp/ ① Schools equip students with life skills.

v • EN: provide someone with something needed • VI: trang bị cho ai • Syn: provide • Usage: (+ with)

practical skills /ˈpræk.tɪ.kəl skɪlz/ ① Schools should teach practical skills.

n plural • EN: useful real-life abilities • VI: kỹ năng thực tế • Syn: applied skills • Usage: —

holistic development /həˈlɪs.tɪk dɪˈvel.əp.mənt/ ① Education should focus on holistic development.

n phrase • EN: development of the whole person • VI: phát triển toàn diện • Syn: all-round development • Usage: —

specialized school /ˈspeʃ.əl.aɪzd skuːl/ ① He attends a specialized school for science.

n phrase • EN: school focused on specific subjects • VI: trường chuyên • Syn: selective school • Usage: —

gifted student /ˈɡɪf.tɪd ˈstjuː.dənt/ ① Gifted students need advanced learning materials.

n phrase • EN: student with exceptional ability • VI: học sinh chuyên • Syn: talented student • Usage: —

major in /ˈmeɪ.dʒər/ ① She majors in Mathematics.

v • EN: study a main subject at university • VI: chuyên …. • Syn: specialize in • Usage: (+ in)

admission process /ədˈmɪʃ.ən ˈprəʊ.ses/ ① Universities often have a competitive admission process.

n phrase • EN: procedure for entering an institution • VI: quy trình tuyển sinh • Syn: selection process • Usage: —

child prodigy /tʃaɪld ˈprɒd.ɪ.dʒi/ ① Mozart was a child prodigy.

n • EN: exceptionally talented child • VI: thần đồng • Syn: genius child • Usage: —

in class /ɪn klɑːs/ ① Students should pay attention in class.

phrase • EN: during lessons • VI: trong giờ học • Syn: during lessons • Usage: —

at school /æt skuːl/ ① Children spend most of their time at school.

phrase • EN: in the school environment • VI: ở trường • Syn: on campus • Usage: —

in grade 12 /ɪn ɡreɪd twelv/ ① Students in grade 12 prepare for graduation.

phrase • EN: studying in 12th grade • VI: học lớp 12 • Syn: final year of high school • Usage: —

university entrance exam /ˌjuː.nɪˈvɜː.sə.ti ˈen.trəns ɪɡˌzæm/ ① Students study hard for the university entrance exam.

n phrase • EN: exam required to enter university • VI: kỳ thi đại học • Syn: admission exam • Usage: —

sit for an exam /sɪt fə(r)/ ① Thousands sit for the exam each year.

phrase • EN: take part in an exam • VI: dự thi • Syn: take an exam • Usage: —

sit an exam /sɪt/ ① Students sit important exams in June.

phrase • EN: take an exam formally • VI: làm bài thi • Syn: take an exam • Usage: —

take an exam /teɪk/ ① I have to take an exam tomorrow.

phrase • EN: participate in an examination • VI: thi • Syn: sit an exam • Usage: —

final-year student /ˌfaɪ.nəl jɪə ˈstjuː.dənt/ ① Final-year students face a lot of stress.

n phrase • EN: student in final year of study • VI: sinh viên/học sinh năm cuối • Syn: senior student • Usage: —

senior student /ˈsiː.ni.ər ˈstjuː.dənt/ ① Senior students often look for internships.

n phrase • EN: advanced or final-year student • VI: học sinh/sinh viên năm cuối • Syn: final-year student • Usage: —

freshman /ˈfreʃ.mən/ ① Freshmen often struggle with independence.

n • EN: first-year university student • VI: sinh viên năm nhất • Syn: first-year student • Usage: —

extracurricular activities /ˌek.strə.kəˈrɪk.jə.lər ækˈtɪv.ə.tiz/ ① Extracurricular activities improve teamwork skills.

n plural • EN: activities outside academic lessons • VI: hoạt động ngoại khóa • Syn: after-school activities • Usage: —

school camp /skuːl kæmp/ ① Students look forward to the annual school camp.

n phrase • EN: organized educational outdoor trip • VI: trại trường • Syn: educational camp • Usage: (+ annual)

have a campfire /hæv ə ˈkæmp.faɪər/ ① Students had a campfire at the school camp.

phrase • EN: gather around a fire outdoors • VI: đốt lửa trại • Syn: make a bonfire • Usage: —

private tutoring /ˌpraɪ.vət ˈtʃuː.tər.ɪŋ/ ① Private tutoring is common before exams.

n • EN: extra teaching outside school • VI: học thêm, dạy kèm riêng • Syn: extra tutoring • Usage: —

private tutor /ˌpraɪ.vət ˈtʃuː.tər/ ① Many parents hire a private tutor for their children.

n • EN: person who teaches privately • VI: gia sư • Syn: personal tutor • Usage: —

attend extra classes /əˈtend ˈek.strə klɑː.sɪz/ ① Many students attend extra classes after school.

phrase • EN: go to additional lessons outside normal classes • VI: học thêm • Syn: take supplementary classes • Usage: —

take private lessons /teɪk ˈpraɪ.vət ˈles.ənz/ ① She takes private lessons to improve her English.

phrase • EN: receive individual lessons outside school • VI: học riêng, học kèm • Syn: receive tutoring • Usage: —

tutorial center /tjuːˈtɔː.ri.əl ˈsen.tər/ ① Many parents send children to tutorial centers.

n • EN: place offering extra academic instruction • VI: trung tâm dạy thêm • Syn: tutoring center • Usage: —

fall behind /fɔːl bɪˈhaɪnd/ ① Students may fall behind if they miss classes.

phrasal verb • EN: fail to keep pace with others • VI: tụt lại phía sau • Syn: lag behind • Usage: —