Foundations of American Government

These flashcards cover key concepts, terms, and events related to the foundations of American government, highlighting important theories, documents, and historical occurrences that shaped the political landscape.

Elite Democracy

A form of democracy where a small group of elites make decisions for the masses, often believing that most people are uninformed.

Popular Democracy

A democratic system where the populace actively participates in decision-making and governance.

Natural Rights

Rights that are believed to be granted to all humans by their creator, including life, liberty, and property.

Social Contract

An agreement where individuals surrender some of their freedoms to form a government that protects their remaining rights.

Popular Sovereignty

The principle that the authority of a government is created and sustained by the consent of its people.

First Continental Congress

A meeting of delegates from 12 of the 13 colonies in 1774 to address colonial grievances and coordinate resistance against British policies.

Boston Tea Party

An act of protest by the American colonists against British taxation, specifically the Tea Act, which led to increased tensions.

Federalism

A system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent units—like states.

Ratification

The official confirmation or approval of a proposed law, such as the Constitution, typically requiring a vote.

Bill of Rights

The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, detailing the rights of citizens and limiting the government's power.

Constitutional Convention

An assembly in 1787 to address the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation and to draft a new Constitution.

Great Compromise

An agreement during the Constitutional Convention that created a bicameral legislature with proportional and equal representation.

3/5ths Compromise

An agreement reached at the Constitutional Convention where 3 out of every 5 slaves would be counted for representation purposes.

Anti-Federalists

Opponents of the Constitution who favored stronger state governments and were concerned about individual rights.

Federalists

Supporters of the Constitution who advocated for a stronger national government and a unified country.

Amendment Process

The procedure by which changes can be made to the Constitution, requiring proposals and ratification by states.