Types of research methods

Experimental research

a scientific methodology of understanding relationships between two or more variables, involving the manipulation of variables. Best way to identify cause and effect, however uncontrolled variables can confound results

Descriptive research

used to describe the characteristics of a population or phenomenon being studied and involves observing, recording, and collecting data. mainly uses naturalistic observation and surveys

Correlation research

when a researcher measures two variables and looks at whether they are related or not. Accounts for correlation, not causation.

Biological research

the scientific study of psychology that studies the brain and nervous system.

Longitudinal studies

follow individuals overtime and are useful when studying developmental and lifespan issues.

Cross-sectional studies

used to compare individuals of various ages at one point in time. Useful in developmental research and are often used as an alternative to longitudinal studies.

Case study

a form of secondary research that researches into the development of a particular person or group or situation in depth overtime.