Exam 4 Renal One

Kidney Function

-Filter blood

-Maintain homeostasis

-Majority of CO2 goes through

-Adjusts Blood Volume and electrolyte

Urine Function

-removes waste

-maintains H2O balance

Nephron

Basic unit of kidney

glomerulus

connection of blood vessels capillarys and nephron

Collecting duct

-up to 8 nephrons empty fluid into the duct

-Minor calyx→ Major Calyx→ Renal Pelvis

Renal Cortex

Vascular and tubular nephron more outer edge of kidney

Renal Medulla

Vascular and tubular nephron plus the renal pyramids, inner tissue of the kidney

Renal Artery

blood supply for the kidneys

Renal Vein

removes filtered blood through the kidneys

Kidney Stone

Concentration of minerals/waste is too high to dissolve naturally

Vascular (Nephron)

Filtration

Tubular (Nephron)

Urine production

Vascular Portion of Nephron

-Enters renal artery

-Branches into afferent arterioles

-Reaches glomerulus

-leaves through efferent arterioles

-ends in the vasa recta

Vasa Recta

-Junction between the blood and the kidney

-Exchange between the vascular and tubular sections

Bowman’s capsule

-Collects/ filters fluid from the glomerular capillaries

-sends the fluid through the proximal tubule

Juxtaglomerular apparatus

-regulates kidney function

-quality control center via Renin-Angiotensin hormone

Nephron Loop

Limbs function to alter fluid/solute concentrations

Plasma Clearance

The volume of plasma from which a given substance is removed

Filtration

-in glomerular capsule

-Water and solutes pushed into nephron

Reabsorption

returns some to blood (reduces clearance)

Secretion

moves substances from peritubular capillaries into tubules (increases clearance)

Glomerular Filtration Rate

Rate at which the drug divided by the drug concentration in plasma

Probenecid

Used to slow down the filtration and allow penicillin to maintain effect

Inulin

Compound found in garlic and onions provides a good idea about the GFR and renal health

Glucose and Amino Acids

Easily filtered and reabsorbed back into the body in the tubules

Totat; renal Blood Flow

PAH is inserted and quickly filtered and secreted out