Chapter 5 Quiz

Individual nerve cells are called

Neurons

The space between neurons is called

The synaptic cleft

The central nervous system consists of the

brain and spinal cord

The peripheral nervous system is divided into two parts

somatic and autonomic nervous systems

Which of the following is NOT part of the sympathetic nervous system activation?

increased digestive activity

The term that refers to the body's maintenance of an appropriate level of activation under changing circumstances is

allostasis

What hormone may be responsible for females' stress response being characterized as "tend and befriend" rather than "fight or flight?

Oxytocin

The two principal neurotransmitters of the autonomic nervous system are

acetylcholine and norepinephrine

What is the difference between the glands of the endocrine and neuroendocrine systems?

Glands in the neuroendocrine system are controlled by the nervous system

The adrenal glands are located

just above the kidneys

Epinephrine

is strongly related to and has been used as an index of stress

Who first proposed the view that stress was a nonspecific response?

Seyle

What have scientists categorized stress as?

All of these

Which of these is NOT a stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome?

Illness Stage

According to Lazarus, a person who loses their job but sees the prospect of finding a new job as a challenge would be

less vulnerable to stress than someone who saw the event as a threat

Several methods have been used to measure stress, but the approach taken by most health psychologists is to use

Self-report scales

What metric has been used by researchers to measure stress?

All of these

Validity is whether an instrument measures what it is supposed to measure; reliability is whether an instrument gets consistent results across administrations. If spouses fill out a self-report measure of stress from their spouse's point of view, and the spouses' scores match closely, we can say that the self-report inventory is

Valid

Which of these could be a source of stress?

Any of these

Which of the following is true of gender and stress?

Females are often expected to perform multiple roles that males are not expected to perform

Cataclysmic events, such as 9/11 and Hurricane Katrina, can cause individuals to experience a prolonged stress response and feelings of depression and anxiety, and after such events, individuals are often diagnosed with

PTSD

Bilal faces a long commute to college every day, and once there, he has difficulty finding parking. How can these everyday events be classified?

Daily hassles

To Lazarus and Folkman, several factors determine a person's ability to cope with an event. Which of these is NOT one such factor?

The magnitude of the life event

What one factor would make Janie eight times more likely to be alive a year after having a heart attack?

Having a dog

What coping strategy is preferable when dealing with chronic stressors, such as discrimination, HIV, infection, and diabetes?

Problem-focused coping

In general, which type of coping strategy is related to good health?

Problem-focused coping

Emotional disclosure

Can dampen the activity of the amygdala

What has been shown to be an effective intervention for PTSD, chronic back pain, and chronic fatigue syndrome?

Cognitive Behavioral therapy

Which type of intervention have researchers found can actually reduce the production of the stress hormone cortisol?

Cognitive behavioral stress management

Research finds that one reason mindfulness-based mental health interventions are effective appears to be their capacity to minimize people's tendencies to dwell on their stressful experiences. This evidence could indicate an avenue for further research to discover whether mindfulness interventions might be helpful for addressing:

PTSD