Drug Card: Diltiazem

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Last updated 11:53 PM on 9/29/24
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16 Terms

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Medication Name

Diltiazem

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Generic Name

Diltiazem

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Trade Name(s)

Cardizem, Dilacor XR

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Drug Classification

Calcium channel blocker

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Indications

Used to treat hypertension and atrial fibrillation

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Mechanism of Action

Inhibits calcium ion influx into cardiac and smooth muscle cells

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Effect on Heart

Decreases myocardial contractility and reduces heart rate

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Absorption

Oral bioavailability is about 40%

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Distribution

Widely distributed in tissues; crosses the blood-brain barrier

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Metabolism

Primarily metabolized by the liver

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Excretion

Excreted in urine; half-life is about 3-5 hours

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Contraindications

Severe hypotension, 2nd or 3rd degree AV block, hypersensitivity to diltiazem

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Side Effects

Bradycardia, hypotension, dizziness, peripheral edema

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Dose for Atrial Fibrillation

15-20 mg IV over 2 minutes; may repeat every 15 minutes up to 30 mg

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Precautions

Monitor heart rate and blood pressure closely; caution in heart failure patients

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Drug-Drug Interactions

May increase levels of other antihypertensives; caution with other calcium channel blockers