Bio Basis Final Exam Review

What is metabolic syndrom?

Cluster of conditions increasing risk of CVD, diabetes, and stroke

What conditions are associated with metabolic syndrome?

Obesity, high triglycerides, hypertension

Main causes of metabolic syndrome?

Overweight, inactivity, insulin resistance, genetics

How should exercise be applied in disease states?

Cautiously and conservatively

What is arthritis

Inflammatory join disease

Examples of arthritis

Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid, lupus, gout

What is cancer

Uncontrolled cell growth

What is HIV

Progressive immune system failure

What is osteoporosis

Low bone density —> fracture risk

What is COPD

airflow limitation disease

Self efficacy theory

belief you can perform a behavior

Transtheoretical model

Stages of behavior change

Health Belief model

action depends on perceived benefits

self determination theory

Motivation and competence

Theory of planned behavior

Intention predicts behavior

Social ecological model

behavior influenced by environment

Increase in brain blood flow leads to

greater feeling of control

Neurotransmitter changes lead to

feeling of competence

increase O2 to brain leads to

better social interactions

decrease muscle tension leads to

improved self concept

What is fatigue

Inability to maintain exercise intensity

Peripheral fatigue causes

Metabolite depletion/accumulation, low O2

Central fatigue

Brain limits muscle activation

Psychological fatigue

Sensory input affect CNS

What does immune system do

Removes foreign material

Nonspecific immunity

fast, general (skin, respiratory)

Acquired immunity

Slower, specific response

B Cells function

produce antibodies

T cells function

cell mediated immunity

Does exercise improve immunity

Not enough conclusive evidence

Peak physiological performance age

Around 30

Muscle mass change by 65

decrease 25-30

Essential nutrients

must be obtained from diet

Nonessential nutrients

body can make them

macronutirents

carbs, protein, fats, water

Micronutrients

Vitamins, minerals