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Two types of mechanical waves
Transverse
Longitudinal
Transverse Waves
Particles move perpendicular to the wave’s motion
Ex: Light waves, ripples in pool
Longitudinal waves
Particles move parallel to the wave’s motion
Ex: Sound waves, Earthquake waves
Reflection
Light bounces off of a medium
The Law of Reflection
Angle of Incidence = Angle of Reflection
Clear Reflection
Smooth, Shiny surfaces have clear reflection
Diffuse Reflection
Rough, dull surfaces have a diffuse reflection. This is when light is scattered in different directions.
Refraction
Light is transmitted across a medium
Diffraction
The spreading out of waves as they pass through a gap or around an edge.
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Seven types of waves that all travel at the speed of light in a vacuum (3.0 ×108 m/s).
Electromagnetic waves
Order (Low to High Frequency): Radio, Microwave, Infrared, Visible, UV, X-ray, Gamma