HESI Review

Coumadin therapy requires an INR value of __ times the normative value for a patient with a history of DVT.

1.5

What lifestyle change should be encouraged to improve blood flow to a patient with CAD?

Smoking cessation

True or False: Exercise can change insulin demands in a diabetic patient.

True

To prevent issues in a patient with DMII who is NPO for surgery with no IVF ordered, the best action is to __.

monitor BSG

True or False: Sclerotherapy is an option for treating esophageal varices.

True

If a client receiving PRBC experiences low back pain and difficulty breathing, what should the nurse do first?

Stop the infusion and run NSS.

What is a common side effect to monitor in a patient undergoing a lumbar puncture?

Headache

To assess for a respiratory infection in a patient with chronic lung disease, the nurse should not ask about __.

BLE edema

A characteristic skin finding in clients with lupus is __.

Butterfly rash

Patients on anticoagulants should be educated to shave with __.

an electric razor

True or False: The 6 P's are used to monitor signs and symptoms of DVT.

True

List some common medications used for GERD, Gastritis, and Ulcers.

Antacids, PPI’s, and H2 antagonists

In a client with UC presenting with GI bleed symptoms, the nurse's priority should be __.

Obtaining a full set of vital signs.

What test would be used to monitor long-term management of Type II Diabetes?

HgB A1C

Post-lithotripsy patient education should include __ and straining urine.

increasing water intake

Signs and symptoms of hypovolemic and septic shock include __ and increased HR.

decreased BP

True or False: You should suction a trach on the way in for 15 seconds.

False

A patient with right heart failure would present with the acronym __.

HEAD

Which neurological diseases require an NPO diet with worsening muscle weakness?

Guillain Barre and Myasthenia Gravis

A client with SIADH would expect to follow a __ diet.

high sodium and fluid restriction

What type of meningitis presents with cloudy CSF?

Bacterial meningitis

What type of Hepatitis is contracted from eating contaminated fish or seafood?

Hep A

True or False: PAD ulcers are wet and angry looking, typically on the shin or calf.

False

Patients with AIDS are at an increased risk of infection due to an __ state.

immunocompromised

To prevent asthma attacks, you should __.

avoid triggers

Which medication would best help a client with lung disease during an exacerbation?

Bronchodilator

True or False: Hyperthyroidism is also known as Graves' disease.

True

The signs and symptoms of left-sided heart failure can be recalled using the acronym __.

DOCHAP

Which disease affects life-sustaining hormones?

Addison’s disease

To reduce the risk of renal caliculi, a client with a history of hyperparathyroidism should __.

Increase PO/IVF

A client beginning radiation therapy should not be advised to __.

use antimicrobial soaps over the radiation site.

What should be included in education for sleep apnea?

elevating HOB sleeping, losing weight, smoking cessation

What is described as an achy heaviness in affected extremities?

Varicose veins

Patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy are at risk for __.

pancytopenia

What is a side effect of both radiation and chemotherapy that can increase pain and decrease nutritional status?

Stomatitis

A client presenting with flu-like symptoms should receive what types of medication?

Tylenol, IVF, and Motrin

Interpret the following ABG values: pH- 7.56, CO2- 29, HCO3- 26.

Respiratory Alkalosis

True or False: A client undergoing a paracentesis should have a full bladder for better visualization.

False

What medication should a client undergoing heart valve replacement expect to take lifelong?

Anticoagulants

Describe the appearance of arterial ulcers.

Dry, well-approximated, and usually distal on the lower extremity.

If a client treated for DVT experiences SOB, confusion, and lower O2 levels, what should the RN do first?

Call a rapid response.

Clients with HTN, varices, and who take which medication daily?

Stool softener.

True or False: A client experiencing epistaxis should lean their head back.

False

A client diagnosed with Myasthenia Gravis should be asked about exposure to __.

Upper respiratory and GI infections.

What is the priority intervention if you hear gurgling outside a client with a trach's room?

Suction the client.

If a client is experiencing a Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction, which immunoglobulin would you expect?

IgE.

When a client is having a seizure, what should not be done?

Putting in a tongue blade.

True or False: A client with heart failure will experience an increased cardiac output.

False

After a hypophysectomy, a client should be educated on reducing __.

intracranial pressure.

What should a client with neuropathy and cold feet use to warm them?

Thick wool socks.

To monitor the effectiveness of diuretics in a client with heart failure, the best way is to check __.

Daily weight.

True or False: Kaposi Sarcoma is a common opportunistic infection for patients with meningitis.

False.

In late-stage PKD, which electrolyte should be reduced?

Sodium.

What is a common infection found in clients undergoing chemotherapy?

Candidiasis.

A nurse caring for a client receiving radiation should wear a __.

dosimeter.

What would be assumed if a client presents with abnormal ABGs, SOB, and tachycardia?

Metabolic acidosis.

True or False: Clients with ALS will lose both mental and physical capabilities.

False.