Social & Cultural Diversity
Call Kai
Learn
Practice Test
Spaced Repetition
Match
Flashcards
Knowt Play1/106
There's no tags or description
Looks like no tags are added yet.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced | Call with Kai |
|---|
No analytics yet
Send a link to your students to track their progress
107 Terms
What is cultural competence?
The counselor's ability to understand, respect, and effectively work with clients from diverse backgrounds.
What are the three components of multicultural competence according to Sue?
Awareness, Knowledge, and Skills.
What is cultural awareness?
Understanding one's own biases, values, and assumptions.
What is cultural knowledge?
Understanding clients' cultural backgrounds and experiences.
What is cultural skill?
The ability to apply culturally appropriate interventions.
What is multicultural counseling?
Counseling that recognizes and addresses the impact of culture on clients.
What is social justice counseling?
Addressing systemic barriers and advocating for equity and access.
What is advocacy in counseling?
Actions taken to remove barriers and improve client well-being.
What is privilege?
Unearned advantages received because of membership in a dominant group.
What is oppression?
Systemic disadvantage experienced by marginalized groups.
What is discrimination?
Unfair treatment based on group membership.
What is prejudice?
A preconceived attitude or judgment about a group.
What is stereotype?
An oversimplified belief about members of a group.
What is microaggression?
A subtle, often unintentional comment or behavior that communicates bias.
What is acculturation?
The process of adapting to a new culture.
What is assimilation?
Adopting the dominant culture while giving up one's original culture.
What is integration (biculturalism)?
Maintaining one's original culture while participating in the dominant culture.
What is separation?
Maintaining one's original culture while avoiding the dominant culture.
What is marginalization?
Loss of connection to both the original and dominant cultures.
Which acculturation model includes assimilation, integration, separation, and marginalization?
Berry's Acculturation Model.
What is enculturation?
Learning and adopting one's native culture.
What is cultural identity?
A person's sense of belonging to a cultural group.
What is intersectionality?
The interaction of multiple identities that affect privilege and oppression.
What is worldview?
The lens through which a person interprets life experiences.
What is ethnocentrism?
Viewing one's own culture as superior to others.
What is cultural relativism?
Understanding behavior within the context of a person's culture.
What is individualism?
A cultural value emphasizing personal independence and achievement.
What is collectivism?
A cultural value emphasizing group harmony and interdependence.
What is high-context communication?
Communication that relies heavily on context, relationships, and nonverbal cues.
What is low-context communication?
Communication that relies on direct verbal expression.
What is the RESPECTFUL model?
A framework addressing multiple dimensions of diversity and identity.
What does R stand for in RESPECTFUL?
Religious/Spiritual Identity.
What does E stand for in RESPECTFUL?
Economic Class Background.
What does S stand for in RESPECTFUL?
Sexual Identity.
What does P stand for in RESPECTFUL?
Psychological Maturity.
What does E stand for in RESPECTFUL (second E)?
Ethnic/Racial Identity.
What does C stand for in RESPECTFUL?
Chronological/Developmental Challenges.
What does T stand for in RESPECTFUL?
Trauma and Threats to Well-Being.
What does F stand for in RESPECTFUL?
Family Background.
What does U stand for in RESPECTFUL?
Unique Physical Characteristics.
What does L stand for in RESPECTFUL?
Location of Residence and Language Differences.
What is racial identity development?
The process by which individuals understand and integrate their racial identity.
Who developed the White Racial Identity Development Model?
. Janet Helms.
Who developed the Nigrescence Model of Black Identity Development?
William Cross.
What are the stages of Cross's Nigrescence Model?
Pre-Encounter, Encounter, Immersion-Emersion, Internalization, Internalization-Commitment.
What is the Encounter stage in Cross's model?
An event challenges previous beliefs about race and identity.
Who developed the White Racial Identity Development Model?
Janet Helms.
What are Helms's stages?
Contact, Disintegration, Reintegration, Pseudo-Independence, Immersion-Emersion, Autonomy.
What is the Contact stage in Helms's model?
Unawareness of racism and privilege.
What is the Autonomy stage in Helms's model?
Internalized positive White identity with appreciation for diversity.
What is broaching?
The counselor's intentional discussion of cultural differences and their impact.
What is cultural humility?
A lifelong commitment to self-evaluation and learning from clients.
What is the emic perspective?
Understanding behavior from within the culture.
What is the etic perspective?
Understanding behavior from an outside observer's perspective. Etic perspective Assumes some behaviors, concepts, or psychological processes are universal across cultures (outside perspective).
What is institutional racism?
Policies and practices within institutions that create unequal outcomes.
What is implicit bias?
Unconscious attitudes that affect judgments and behavior.
What is a culturally responsive counselor?
A counselor who adapts interventions to the client's cultural context.
What is the ACA Advocacy Competencies framework?
A model guiding counselor advocacy at individual, community, and systemic levels.
What is the difference between equality and equity?
Equality gives everyone the same resources; equity provides resources based on need.
What is universal design?
Creating environments and services accessible to all people.
What is ableism?
Discrimination against individuals with disabilities.
What is ageism?
Discrimination based on age.
What is heterosexism?
The assumption that heterosexuality is the norm or superior.
What is sexism?
Discrimination based on sex or gender.
What is minority stress?
Chronic stress resulting from stigma, discrimination, and marginalization.
What is the multicultural counseling relationship?
A counseling relationship that recognizes culture as central to assessment and treatment.
Who developed the Nigrescence (Black Racial Identity Development) Model?
William Cross
What is the central idea of Cross's Nigrescence Model?
The development of a positive Black identity.
Which racial identity model includes Pre-Encounter, Encounter, Immersion-Emersion, and Internalization?
Cross's Nigrescence Model.
In Cross's model, what is the Pre-Encounter stage?
Individuals may devalue Black culture and identify with dominant White values.
In Cross's model, what is the Encounter stage?
An event causes the person to reevaluate their racial identity.
In Cross's model, what is the Immersion-Emersion stage?
The person immerses themselves in Black culture and rejects dominant culture.
In Cross's model, what is the Internalization stage?
A secure and positive Black identity is established.
Who developed the White Racial Identity Development Model?
Janet Helms
Which racial identity model includes Contact, Disintegration, Reintegration, Pseudo-Independence, Immersion-Emersion, and Autonomy?
Helms's White Racial Identity Development Model.
(Black Identity)
Pre-Encounter → Encounter → Immersion → Internalization
Moves toward a healthy Black identity
Cross
White Identity
Contact → Disintegration → Reintegration → Pseudo-Independence → Autonomy
Moves from unawareness of privilege toward anti-racist awareness
Helms
Encounter
Awakening of identity
The person is no longer dependent on denial, guilt, defensiveness, or superiority to understand race.
Helm’s model / concept of autonomy - "I can think independently about race rather than being controlled by old assumptions or defensiveness."