PHYSICS - Density

Density

Scalar Quantity; The ratio of the mass of an object to the volume it occupies; how compact a material is. Greater the mass, greater the density. p=m/v. Units: kg/m3 or g/cm3

Mass

Scalar Quantity; The measure of the amount of matter an object has. Physical Property of matter. m = V*p. Units: g or kg. Measured using beam balance or digital balance.

Volume

Scalar Quantity; The amount of space an object occupies. Physical Property of matter. V = m/p. Units: ml, L, or m3. Measured using graduated cylinder or displacement can.

Conversion

Conversion factors like 1 Kg = 10³ g (1000 grams) and 1 m3 = 10^6 cm3 (1000000 cm3). g/cm × 10³ = kg/m3.

Measuring volume

1. Liquids: Pour into graduated cylinder and look at the side.
2. Regular Solid: Measure and multiply lwh
3. Irregular Solid: Displacement can is filled up to spout. solid is lowered in the water. Displaced water is collected in a beaker and emptied into a measuring cylinder

Measuring density in liquids

1. Measure mass of measuring cylinder on electric balance
2. Add liquid to cylinder and record mass of cylinder + liquid using electronic balance
3. To find mass of liquid, subtract mass of liquid - measuring cylinder
4. Volume V can be read directly from measuring cylinder
5. Use equation

Measuring density in solids

1. Regular Solids: Calculate V using formulas. Record mass with electric balance. Calculate density.
2. Irregular Solids - Measure mass with electronic balance. FIll measuring cylinder with X volume of water. Lower the solid and measure new volume Y. Volume = Y - X. Use equation