MGMT 4400 Ch 9, 12, 16 Quiz

Anthropocene

The period in which human activity has been the dominant influence on climate and the environment.

Biodiversity

The number and variety of species and the range of their genetic makeup.

Carbon Neutrality

When an organization or individual produces net zero emissions of greenhouse gases.

Carbon Offsets

Investments in projects that remove carbon dioxide or its equivalent from the atmosphere.

Circular Economy

A production system that is regenerative by design, that is, it restores rather than wastes its inputs.

Convention on Climate Change

First negotiated in 1992, an annual conference hosted by the United Nations to negotiate agreements to cut fossil fuel emissions that cause global warming.

Paris Agreement

A global agreement, negotiated in Paris in 2015, which aimed to limit the rise in the average global temperatures.

Ecological Footprint

The amount of land and water an individual or group needs to produce the resources it consumes and to absorb its wastes, given prevailing technology.

Extended Product Responsibility

The idea that companies have a continuing responsibility for the environmental impacts of their products and services, even after they are sold.

Great Acceleration

Refers to the rapid intensification of human impacts on the environment from 1750 to 2010

Industrial Ecology

Designing factories and distribution systems as if they were self-contained ecosystems, such as using waste from one process as raw material for another.

Life Cycle Analysis (LCA)

Collecting information on the lifelong environmental impact of a product in order to minimize its adverse impacts at all stages, including design, manufacture, use, and disposal.

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Created by the United Nations, a set of 17 goals designed to be a blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all.

Technology Cooperation

Long-term partnerships between companies in developed and developing countries to transfer environmental technologies to attain sustainable development.

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

The ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings.

Chief Information Officer

Manager who has been entrusted with the responsibility to manage the organization’s technology with its many privacy and security issues.

Digital Millennium Copyright Act

The U.S. law that made it a crime to circumvent antipiracy measures built into most commercial software agreements between the manufacturers and their users.

General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)

A European law regulating the processing of personal information of European Union residents by an individual, a company or an organization.

Hackers

Individuals, often with advanced technology training, acting alone or in groups, who, for thrill or profit, breach a business’s information security system.

Intellectual Property

Ideas, concepts, and other symbolic creations of the human mind that are recognized and protected under a nation’s copyright, patent, and trademark laws.

Net Neutrality

The principle that internet service providers should give customers equal access. They should not favor or block specific content and applications

Omnichannel

The idea that every distribution channel must work together to deliver a unified and consistent customer experience.

Ransomware Attack

A kind of cyberattack in which malware (malicious software) locks the data on a victim’s computer and demands payment to regain access to the data.

Right to be Forgotten

An individual’s right to have their personal information removed from online search results upon request.

Software Piracy

The illegal copying of copyrighted software.

Affirmative Action

A positive and sustained effort by an organization to identify, hire, train if necessary, and promote minorities, women, and members of other groups who are underrepresented in the organization’s workforce.

Diversity Council

A group of managers and employees responsible for developing and implementing specific action plans to meet an organization’s diversity goals. (See also diversity.)

Equal Employment Opportunity

The principle that all persons otherwise qualified should be treated equally with respect to job opportunities, workplace conditions, pay, fringe benefits, and retirement provisions.

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)

The U.S. federal government agency charged with enforcing equal employment opportunity laws and executive orders.

Family Leave

A leave of absence from work, either paid or unpaid, for the purpose of caring for a family member, such as an elderly relative.

Glass Ceiling

An invisible barrier to the advancement of women, minorities, and other groups in the workplace.

Inclusion

Policies and practices that tap into the diverse perspectives, life experiences, and approaches that every individual brings to the workplace.

Labor Force Participation Rate

The proportion of a particular group, such as women, in the paid workforce.

Occupational Segregation

The inequitable concentration of a group, such a minorities or women, in particular job categories.

Parental Leave

A leave of absence from work, either paid or unpaid, for the purpose of caring for a newborn or adopted child.

Undocumented Immigrant Workers

Noncitizens employed by businesses without having the legally required work documents.

Workforce Diversity

Diversity among employees, a challenge and opportunity for business. (See also diversity.)