Biology Study Set: Lab 4 Muscles - Terms & Definitions

anterior superior iliac spine; anterior part of iliac crest

Origin of tensor fasciae latae (TFL)

follow the IT tract or band to attachment

Insertion of tensor fasciae latae (TFL)

superior gluteal nerve

Nerve innervation of tensor fasciae latae (TFL)

abduct and medially rotate thigh; keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing and advance opposite side during its swing

Action of tensor fasciae latae (TFL)

anterior superior iliac spine and superior part of notch inferior to it

Origin of sartorius

superior part of medial surface of tibia

Insertion of sartorius

femoral nerve (L2, L3)

Nerve innervation of sartorius

flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint; flexes leg at knee joint

Action of sartorius

anterior inferior iliac spine and ilium superior to acetabulum

Origin of rectus femoris

via common tendinous and independent attachments to base of patella; indirectly via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

Insertion of of rectus femoris

femoral nerve (L2, 3, 4)

Nerve innervation of rectus femoris

extend leg at knee joint, steadies hip joint and helps iliopsoas flex thigh

Action of rectus femoris

anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur

Origin of vastus intermedius

via common tendinous and independent attachments to base of patella; indirectly via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity, tibia and patella via aponeuroses

Insertion of vastus intermedius

femoral nerve (L2, 3, 4)

Nerve innervation of vastus intermedius

extend leg at knee joint

Action of vastus intermedius

Intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera of femur

Origin of vastus medialis

via common tendinous and independent attachments to base of patella; indirectly via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity, tibia and patella via aponeuroses

Insertion of vastus medialis

femoral nerve (L2, 3, 4)

Nerve innervation of vastus medialis

extend leg at the knee

Action of vastus medialis

Greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera of femur

Origin of vastus lateralis

via common tendinous and independent attachments to base of patella; indirectly via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity, tibia and patella via aponeuroses

Insertion of vastus lateralis

femoral nerve (L2, 3, 4)

Nerve innervation of vastus lateralis

extend leg at knee joint

Action of vastus lateralis

ischial tuberosity

Origin of Semitendinosus

medial surface of superior part of tibia

Insertion of Semitendinosus

tibial division of sciatic nerve

Nerve innervation of Semitendinosus

extend thigh, flex leg and rotate it medially when knee is flexed, when thigh and leg are flexed can extend trunk

Action of Semitendinosus

ischial tuberosity

Origin of semimembranosus

posterior part of medial condyle of tibia, reflected attachment forms oblique popliteal ligament

Insertion of semimembranosus

tibial division of the sciatic nerve part of tibia

Nerve innervation of of semimembranosus

extend thigh, flex leg and rotate it medially when knee is flexed, when thigh and leg are flexed can extend trunk

Action of semimembranosus

Ischial tuberosity

Origin of biceps femoris long head

lateral side of head of fibula, tendon is split at this site by fibular collateral ligament of knee

Insertion of biceps femoris long head

tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Nerve innervation of biceps femoris long head

flexes leg and rotates it laterally when knee is flexed; extends thigh

Action of biceps femoris long head

Linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur

Origin of biceps femoris short head

lateral side of head of fibula, tendon is split at this site by fibular collateral ligament of knee

Insertion of biceps femoris short head

common fibular division of sciatic nerve

Nerve innervation of biceps femoris short head

flexes leg and rotates it laterally when knee is flexed; extends thigh

Action of biceps femoris short head

Lateral condyle and superior half of lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane

Origin of tibialis anterior

Medial and inferior surfaces of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal

Insertion of tibialis anterior

deep fibular nerve (L4, L5)

Nerve innervation of tibialis anterior

dorsiflexes ankle and inverts foot

Action of tibialis anterior

middle part of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

Origin of extensor hallucis longus

Dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of great toe

Insertion of extensor hallucis longus

deep fibular nerve (L4, L5)

Nerve innervation of extensor hallucis longus

extends great toe, dorsiflexes ankle

Action of extensor hallucis longus

lateral condyle of tibia and superior 3/4 of medial surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

Origin of extensor digitorum longus

middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits

Insertion of extensor digitorum longus

deep fibular nerve (L4, L5)

Nerve innervation of extensor digitorum longus

extends lateral 4 digits and dorsiflexes ankle

Action of extensor digitorum longus

inferior 1/3 of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

Origin of fibularis (Peroneus) tertius

dorsum base of 5th metatarsal

Insertion of fibularis (Peroneus) tertius

deep fibular nerve (L4, L5)

Nerve innervation of fibularis (Peroneus) tertius

Dorsiflexes ankle, aids in eversion of foot

Action of fibularis (Peroneus) tertius

Head and superior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula

Origin of the fibularis (peroneus) longus

Base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

Insertion of the fibularis (peroneus) longus

superior fibular nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Nerve innervation of the fibularis (peroneus) longus

everts foot and weakly plantar flexes ankle

Action of the fibularis (peroneus) longus

inferior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula

Origin of the fibularis (peroneus) brevis

dorsal surface of tuberosity on lateral side of base of 5th metatarsal

Insertion of the fibularis (peroneus) brevis

superior fibular nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Nerve innervation of the fibularis (peroneus) brevis

everts foot and weakly plantar flexes

Action of the fibularis (peroneus) brevis

lateral, lateral condyle of the femur

Origin of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius

popliteal surface of the femur, superior to the medial condyle

Origin of the medial head of the gastrocnemius

posterior surface of the calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

Insertion of gastrocnemius

tibial nerve

Nerve innervation of gastrocnemius

plantar flexes ankle when knee is extended, flex the leg at the knee, lift heel when walking

Action of gastrocnemius

bottom of the lateral supracondylar line of femur, oblique popliteal

Origin of the plantaris

posterior calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

Insertion of the plantaris

tibial nerve

Nerve innervation of the plantaris

weak assist in plantar flexion, proprioception

Action of the plantaris

posterior aspect of the fibular head, superior 1/4 of the posterior fibula, soleal line and middle 1/3 of the medial border of the tibia

Origin of the soleus

posterior surface of the calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

Insertion of the soleus

tibial nerve

Nerve innervation of the soleus

plantar flex the foot regardless of the position of the knee, steadies leg on foot

Action of the soleus

Posterior surface of the tibia and the fibula, interosseous membrane

Origin of the tibialis posterior

tuberosity of the navicular, cuneiforms, and cuboid, base of metatarsal 2,3,4

Insertion of the tibialis posterior

tibial nerve

Nerve innervation of the tibialis posterior

plantar flexion, inverts the foot

Action of the tibialis posterior

middle posterior tibia beneath the soleal line

Origin of Flexor digitorum longus

base of last 4 toes

Insertion of Flexor digitorum longus

tibial nerve

Nerve innervation of Flexor digitorum longus

plantar flexion, flex last 4 toes, help with arches

Action of Flexor digitorum longus

bottom of the posterior fibula, bottom of the interosseous membrane

Origin of the flexor hallucis longus

base of the distal phalanx of the great toe

Insertion of the flexor hallucis longus

tibial nerve

Nerve innervation of the flexor hallucis longus

weaker plantar flexion, flexes big toe, helps with foot arch

Action of the flexor hallucis longus

lateral meniscus and lateral surface of the lateral condyle of the femur

Origin of the popliteus

posterior surface of the tibia

Insertion of the popliteus

tibial nerve

Nerve innervation of the popliteus

weak flexion of the knee and unlocks it by rotating the femur 5 degrees on the fixed tibia, medially rotates the tibia in an open chain

Action of the popliteus