BISC 210 lab final

What time are quizzes due?

10:00PM

Emails that do not include your first name, last name, course number, and section will not be answered (true/false)

true

Napkins used during lab go in the red biohazard bins. (true/false)

false

______   or more unexcused absences will result in the immediate award of a 59% (F) grade for the entire laboratory component.

4

Students are REQUIRED to have studied the entire assigned exercises scheduled BEFORE attending lab. (true/false)

true

Absence excuses must be turned into your lab coordinator within 5 days of missing lab. (true/false)

true

What day are quizzes due?

fridays

Your final exam is cumulative (true/false)

true

Ciguatera poisoning is caused by _________________.

Gambierdiscus

In cyanobacteria, which structure is responsible for nitrogen fixation?

heterocyst

What is the function of the coarse adjustment knob?

moves stage up and down

In the laboratory  exercise "Use of the Microscope", what is the case file about?

The concern for a 40-acre spring-fed pond by a home-owners association.

What is the difference between the fine adjustment and the coarse adjustment?

The fine adjustment brings the image into sharp focus.

Algae can be unicellular. (true/false)

true

Which objectives can use oil immersion?

100x

Why do you use oil immersion under high magnification?

It decreases light scattering.

What is the total magnification of the 10x objective?

100x

Glycocalyx is synonymous with ___________.

sheath

Protozoa are eukaryotes. (true/false)

true

When taking a sample from a petri plate, the inoculum should be the size of a _________________.

comma

______________ put the cap down on the bench-top when opening a test tube.

never

All protozoa are motile. (true/false)

false

The process of transferring a microbe from one medium to the next is called ___________________.

inoculation

In the "Aseptic Techniques" exercise, bacterial meningitis was contracted by postpartum women. Who was responsible for the infection of these women?

anesthesiologist

Where do protozoa store food?

vacuoles

All protozoa need cilia to move. (true/false)

false

Every time you open a test tube, the mouth of the tube must be sterilized. (true/false)

true

What can be a Bioindicator?

plants

A thick smear is a good smear. (true/false)

false

How many times doo you dip your inoculating loop into your unknown mixture during streak plate isolation?

1

A colony arises from a single bacterium. (true/false)

true

Bacterial cells shaped curved are called _______________.

vibrio

Petri plates should be stored with the lid up. (true/false)

false

Swimmers ear is caused by _______________.

fungi, trauma to the ear canal, and pseudomonas (all of the above on quiz 4)

When the background is colored when staining, this is called a  ___________.

negative stain

Under the microscope you observe rod shaped cells that are arranged in chains. What is this called?

streptobacillius

What is the purpose of isolation streak plate?

to isolate bacteria

According to the "Isolation Streak Plate" Case File, what does MRSA stand for?

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Unicellular fungi are called _______________.

yeasts

If a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, what direction does water move relative to the membrane?

water moves into the cell

_______________ can grow in both low-salt and high-salt environments.

Facultative halophiles

In the Fungi lab's Case File, what species caused the infection?

Candida albicans

If the concentration of solutes outside the cell is higher than the inside of the cell , the solution surrounding the cell is considered _________________.

hypertonic

Fungi are eukaryotes. (true/false)

true

Puffballs are ______________.

Basidomycota

Ascomycetes can reproduce sexually when  ___ and ___   pseudohyphae unite to form an ascus.

+,-

Zygomycetes reproduce asexually by producing spores at the tips of the reproductive structures termed ______________.

sporangiophores

The cell walls of fungal hyphae are composed of _______________.

chitin

Fungi grow best under acidic conditions. (true/false)

true

In the "Osmotic Pressure and Growth" Case File, why was V. vulnificus able to spread into the bloodstream and tissues of the patient?

A Hepatitis C diagnosis.

What color are gram + cells after being decolorized?

purple

Which is the counter-stain?

safranin

Why do Gram-positive bacteria retain crystal violet?

They have thick peptidoglycan layers.

Why must the smear be heat fixed?

To adhere the bacteria to the glass.

What is the primary purpose of the Gram stain?

To differentiate bacteria based on cell wall structure

In the Gram Stain's Exercise Case File, what organism caused the eye infection?

Gram-negative bacilli

Which of the following does a Gram - cell have that a Gram + cell does not have?

outer-membrane

Which reagent is the mordant?

iodine

What color are gram - cells after being decolorized?

clear

Pink cocci are ___________.

gram -

Where is the electron transport system located?

cell-membrane

Why do certain bacteria use catalase?

To evade the host-immune system and To survive oxygen rich environments

A positive catalase result is marked by ________________.

bubbling

_____________ are generated by the electron transport chain oxidases.

hydrogen peroxides

Tetracycline is an example of a ______________ antibiotic.

broad spectrum

What happens to the oxidase reagent in the presence of cytochrome c oxidase?

It changes color from clear to purple.

Penicillin is most effective against ____________________.

gram + bacteria

What is the zone of inhibition required for Amoxicillin to be intermediate?

14-17 mm

Cytochromes couple electron transport with the reduction of _______________.

O2

Oxidative stress is caused by ________________.

reactive oxygen species

Which microbe is the hardest to kill?

spores

The chlorine added to tap water sterilizes it. (true/false)

false

Agglutination occurs because:

Antibodies bind to multiple antigens and cross-link

The slide agglutination test is best described as:

a serological test

What is the main purpose of a slide agglutination test?

To detect antigen-antibody reactions

In the Killing by Ultraviolet Light Case File, what species was responsible for the patient's infection?

Legionella

 If no clumping occurs after adding antiserum, the result is:

negative

During radiation, DNA dimers are formed between two adjacent _______________.

pyramidines

Why must the slide be rocked gently during the test?

To mix antigen and antibody and observe clumping

Which of the following is more effective at killing microbes?

gamma radiation

In the Mannitol Salt Agar Case File, what bacterial morphology and arrangement was exhibited in the samples taken?

staphylococcus

In the Blood Agar Case File, how old is the patient?

4 years old

Drinking water contains bacteria. (true/false)

true

What color is exhibited by Alpha-hemolysis on a Blood Agar plate?

green

Which of the following is the PH indicator present in Mannitol Salt Agar?

phenol red

Mannitol Salt Agar is both, selective and differential. (true/false)

true

Blood Agar is selective (true/false)

false

What color is exhibited by Gamma-hemolysis on a Blood Agar plate?

no color change

What color does a rapid lactose-fermenting organism indicate on a Eosin Methylene Blue Agar?

metallic green

Which of the following is not an indicator organism?

giardia

In a competitive ELISA, the signal is:

Inversely proportional to antigen concentration

What determines ELISA specificity?

Antibody-antigen interaction

In an indirect ELISA, what does the secondary antibody recognize?

Primary antibody

In a direct ELISA, what is labeled with the enzyme?

Primary antibody

What would cause a false positive signal?

Nonspecific antibody binding

How do hookworms enter the intestinal tract?

By traveling into the lungs, being coughed up, and then swallowed.

Which of the following does not have a complete digestive system?

Flukes

Plague is transmitted by  ______________.

fleas

In tapeworms, which is the point of attachment to the host intestine?

scolex

1 out of every 5 people have hookworms inside of them. (true/false)

true