business study

Convey
/kənˈveɪ/
The architect clearly ___ the system design to the development team.

To communicate or express information or ideas effectively.
ex: c… technical requirements

Mitigate
/ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt/
We added monitoring and alerts to ___ potential production risks.

To reduce the severity or impact of something negative.
ex: m… system risks

Detrimental
/ˌdetrɪˈmentl/
Frequent requirement changes are ___ to project stability.

Causing harm or negative effects.
ex: d… to performance

Hamper
/ˈhæmpə(r)/
Poor documentation can ___ onboarding for new developers.

To slow down or make progress difficult.
ex: h… development speed

=prevent

Rollout
/ˈrəʊlaʊt/
The new feature will be ___ gradually across regions.

The process of releasing or deploying a system or feature.
ex: r… of a software update

Reinforce
/ˌriːɪnˈfɔːs/
We need more tests to ___ system reliability.

To strengthen or support something.
ex: r… security controls

Rapport
/ræˈpɔː(r)/
Building ___ between developers and product owners is crucial.

A positive and trusting relationship.
ex: r… within the team

Interoperability
/ˌɪntərˌɒpərəˈbɪləti/
Interoperability between systems reduces integration costs.

The ability of systems to work and exchange data together.
ex: i… across platforms

Reluctant
/rɪˈlʌktənt/
Some team members were ___ to adopt the new framework.

Unwilling or hesitant to do something.
ex: r… to change tools

Buy‑in
/ˈbaɪ ɪn/
Stakeholder ___ is critical before starting the migration.

Agreement or support from people involved.
ex: b… from management

Moderator
/ˈmɒdəreɪtə(r)/
The ___ kept the technical discussion focused and on time.

A person who manages or controls a discussion.
ex: m… in meetings

Tandem
/ˈtændəm/
The frontend and backend teams worked in ___ to deliver the feature on time.

Working together closely or at the same time.
ex: work in t… during development

= parallel

Nullified
/ˈnʌlɪfaɪd/
The contract was nullified due to missing legal approval.

Made invalid or ineffective.
ex: n… agreement

Encountered
/ɪnˈkaʊntəd/
Several performance issues were encountered during stress testing.

To experience or face a problem.
ex: e… technical issues

Take into account
/teɪk ˌɪntuː əˈkaʊnt/
We must take security constraints into account during design.

To consider something carefully.
ex: t… i… a… non‑functional requirements

Novel
/ˈnɒvl/
The proposal introduced a novel approach to data processing.

New or original.
ex: n… solution

Skepticism
/ˈskeptɪsɪzəm/
There was skepticism about the feasibility of the new tool.

Doubt or questioning attitude.
ex: s… from engineers

Adj : s…tical

Utilized
/ˈjuːtɪlaɪzd/
The system utilizes caching to improve response time.

Used for a specific purpose.
ex: u… cloud resources

Anecdotal evidence
/ˌænɪkˈdəʊtl ˈevɪdəns/
Decisions should not rely solely on anecdotal evidence.

Evidence based on personal experience, not data.
ex: a… e… in discussions

Contradicted
/ˌkɒntrəˈdɪktɪd/
The test results contradicted earlier assumptions.

To show something is incorrect.
ex: c… expectations

= conflict

Disregard
/ˌdɪsrɪˈɡɑːd/
The team disregarded legacy constraints.

To ignore intentionally.
ex: d… outdated rules

Vital
/ˈvaɪtl/
Monitoring is vital for system reliability.

Extremely important or necessary.
ex: v… infrastructure component

Vague
/veɪɡ/
The requirements were too vague to be implemented.

Unclear or lacking detail.
ex: v… specifications

Discrepancies
/dɪˈskrepənsiz/
Discrepancies between environments caused deployment failures.

Differences that should not exist.
ex: d… in reports

Concrete information
/ˈkɒŋkriːt ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃn/
Stakeholders requested concrete information before approval.

Clear and specific information.
ex: c… metrics

Variation
/ˌveəriˈeɪʃn/
Traffic variation impacts server capacity planning.

A change or difference in condition.
ex: v… in workload

Drawback
/ˈdrɔːbæk/
One drawback of the solution is increased cost.

A disadvantage or limitation.
ex: d… of architecture choice

Implication
/ˌɪmplɪˈkeɪʃn/
From what she said, the implication was that they were splitting up.

an occasion when you seem to suggestsomething without saying it directly:

ex: i… for compliance

Yield
/jiːld/
The optimization yielded better system performance.

To produce a result or outcome.
ex: y… improvements

Geographic dispersion
/ˌdʒiːəˈɡræfɪk dɪˈspɜːʃn/
Geographic dispersion complicates team communication.

Being spread across locations.
ex: g… d… of teams

Cohesive
/kəʊˈhiːsɪv/
The team delivered a cohesive system architecture.

Well‑integrated and consistent.
ex: c… solution design

Project overhead
/ˈprɒdʒekt ˈəʊvəhed/
Excessive ___ can significantly reduce the project’s profitability.

Indirect costs required to run a project but not tied to specific deliverables.
ex: p… o… such as management or coordination costs

Probability
/ˌprɒbəˈbɪləti/
We assessed the ___ of system failure during peak traffic.

The likelihood that something will happen.
ex: p… of risk occurrence

Likelihood
/ˈlaɪklɪhʊd/
Automation reduces the ___ of human error.

the chance that something will happen

likelihood of This latest dispute greatlyincreases the likelihood of a strike.

Derived
/dɪˈraɪvd/
The final metrics were ___ from user activity logs.

Obtained or developed from another source.
ex: d… data or insights

Variances
/ˈveəriənsɪz/
Budget ___ were identified during the monthly review.

Differences
ex: v… in cost estimates

Competency
/ˈkɒmpɪtənsi/
Cloud ___ is essential for this engineering role.

The ability or skill to do something successfully.
ex: technical c…

Transcend
/trænˈsend/
The solution aims to ___ the limitations of the legacy system.

To go beyond existing limits.
ex: t… technical constraints

Compatible
/kəmˈpætəbl/
The new API is not fully ___ with older clients.

Able to work well together without conflict.
ex: c… with existing systems

Initiative
/ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/
The organization launched a digital ___ to modernize legacy systems.

a new plan or process to achieve something or solve a problem.
ex: a strategic i…

Impede
/ɪmˈpiːd/
Unclear requirements can ___ the progress of the development team.

to delay or stop the progress of something.
ex: i.. delivery

Permitted
/pəˈmɪtɪd/
Access to production data is only ___ for authorized users.

allowed by rules or laws.
ex: p.. access

Leverage
/ˈlevərɪdʒ/
We should ___ cloud services to reduce infrastructure costs.

to use something to its full advantage.
ex: l… existing resources

Completeness
/kəmˈpliːtnəs/
The auditor reviewed the ___ of system documentation.

the state of being finished or having nothing missing.
ex: c… of requirements

Tolerance
/ˈtɒlərəns/
There is very low ___ for security vulnerabilities.

willingness to accept something that is not ideal.
ex: t… for risk

Eliminate
/ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt/
Automation helps ___ repetitive manual tasks.

to remove or take away something completely.
ex: e… inefficiencies

Overlooked
/ˌəʊvəˈlʊkt/
Several technical dependencies were ___ during planning.

not noticed or considered.
ex: o… issues

Disrupt
/dɪsˈrʌpt/
Cloud technology continues to ___ traditional business models.

to prevent something from continuing normally.
ex: d… operations

Perception
/pəˈsepʃn/
Customer ___ of system reliability affects adoption.

the way something is understood or interpreted.
ex: p.. of quality

Adhere (to)
/ədˈhɪə(r)/
All teams must ___ security guidelines.

to follow rules or principles closely.
ex: a.. to standards

= comply

Consensus
/kənˈsensəs/
The stakeholders reached ___ on the system design.

a general agreement.
ex: reach c..

= consent, buy in

Comprehensive
/ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv/
The audit requires a ___ system review.

complete and including everything necessary.
ex: c.. analysis

Entail
/ɪnˈteɪl/
Migrating the platform may ___ additional operational costs.

to involve something as a necessary part.
ex: e… extra effort

Incremental
/ˌɪŋkrəˈmentl/
The team adopted an ___ delivery approach.

happening gradually in small steps.
ex: i.. improvement

Ambiguous
/æmˈbɪɡjuəs/
The requirement was too ___ to implement correctly.

having more than one possible meaning; unclear.

ex: a.. requirements

Abstraction
/æbˈstrækʃn/
Good architecture relies on proper ___ layers.

the process of removing unnecessary details to focus on essential characteristics, simplifying complex concepts or systems
ex: a… in design

Mandated
/ˈmændeɪtɪd/
Multi‑factor authentication is ___ by company policy.

officially ordered or required.