NotesLecture2__1_

Voltage

The electric potential difference between two points in a circuit.

Current

The flow of electric charge in a circuit, measured in amperes (A).

Resistance

The opposition to the flow of electric current, measured in ohms (Ω).

Capacitance

The ability of a system to store an electric charge, measured in farads (F).

Inductance

The property of a conductor by which a change in current flowing through it induces an electromotive force (emf) in the conductor itself and in any nearby conductors, measured in henries (H).

Ohm's Law

The relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R), stated as V = I × R.

Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL)

The total sum of electric potential differences (voltages) around any closed network is zero.

Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL)

The total current entering a junction must equal the total current leaving the junction.

Series Circuit

A circuit in which the components are connected end-to-end so that current flows through each component in turn.

Parallel Circuit

A circuit in which the components are connected across common points or junctions, allowing current to split among the branches.

Delta-Wye Transformation

A method of simplifying complex circuits by converting between delta (∆) and wye (Y) configurations of resistors.

Mesh Analysis

A method used to analyze circuits by writing equations for the mesh currents in the loops of the circuit.

Node Analysis

A method used to analyze circuits by writing equations based on the currents entering and leaving a node.

Steady State

The condition of a circuit when circuit variables (voltage and current) are constant over time after transient effects have dissipated.

Equivalent Resistance

The total resistance of a complex circuit that can be reduced to a single resistance.

Conductance

The property of a circuit that allows for the flow of current, measured in siemens (S), the inverse of resistance.

An open circuit

A circuit that is not complete, preventing current from flowing.

A closed circuit

A complete circuit where current can flow through the entire loop.

RLC Circuit

A circuit that contains resistors (R), inductors (L), and capacitors (C), commonly analyzed in electronics.

Voltage Source

An electrical component that provides a specified voltage to a circuit.

Current Source

An electrical component that provides a specified current to a circuit.