Work/ Employment (STEP)

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Last updated 10:09 AM on 5/27/26
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4 Terms

1
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Satisfaction

  1. Ritzer

  • wc, dehumanised, fast food chain restaurants e.g. mcdonalds, creativity = undermined, scritps, machines, rotas, instructions, lack of enjoyment/ empowerment, ‘mcjobs’, class inequality

  1. Abrams

  • unethical practices, - minimum wage, under/ unpaid for training/ breaks/ lunch hours, self-provision/ payment for essential uniform/ equipment e.g. gloves to clean urinals/ toilets, class inequality

2
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Top Jobs

  1. The Sutton Trust

  • elite theory, uc, private schools e.g. eton, top unis e.g. 50% of westminster students went to ox/ cam in 2007, social networking, old boys network, high paid/ status positions e.g. banking/ politics, wc = disadvantaged, class inequality 

  1. Milburn et al.

  • ‘glass floor’, invisible safety net for rich/ uc children, parental help e.g. private tutors/ elite internships/ job opportunities/ senior professional ranks, biased judiciary system e.g. 15 of 17 supreme court judges = privately educated, 26 of 28 justices of appeal (only 2 state-educated), 43% of barristers, 54% top journalists, class inequality

3
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Employment Opportunities

  1. Goldthorpe & Lockwood

  • new wc, post-1970s, mass immigration, globalisation, reduction in manual labour, changing values, instrumental attitudes (money-focused, - fulfillment/ satisfaction/ status, jobs = means to an end), - fraternity/ unity e.g. trade unions, class inequality

  1. Mac an Ghaill

  • reduction in traditional manual labour e.g. steel/ mining/ shipbuilding, high unemployment, wc men, - pride/ community status, work = essential to identity, insecurity, crisis of masculinity, + women working in services/ at computers/ telecommunication over last 40 years, threat, discomfort, depression, fatalism, class inequality

4
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Pay/ Income

  1. Owen Jones

  • income inequality, benefit system, poorest 10% pay 43% tax, richest 10% pay 35%, policy of austerity, 2000s, local council 40% budget cutting e.g. libraries, roads, parks, schools, profiteering, unethical/ corruption, e.g. king charles inherited £600 million/ paid no tax, wealthy = protected, class inequality

  1. Garrod/ Gig Economy

  • zero hour/ no fixed contracts, e.g. 3% of UK workforce in 2021 (ONS), varying pay, vulnerability of employees, wc = disadvantaged, class inequality

  • e.g. deliveroo/ uber/ taxi fares/ amazon, 1 million employed in britain, short-term/ freelance work, + flexibility, no basic rights e.g. holiday/ sick pay, class inequality