Microorganisms study guide

 

What is not a characteristic of Kingdom Arachaebacteria?

Descendants of Animals

What is not a characteristic of Kingdom Fungi?

Have a known sexual cycle

What is not a characteristic of Kingdom Eubacteria?

Have introns in their DNA

 

What is not a characteristic of Kingdom Animalia?

Can reproduce by binary fission

 

What is not a characteristic of Kingdom Protista?

Can be prokaryotes

 

What is not a characteristic of Kingdom Plantae?

Move around their environment

Protozoa

single celled members of kingdom Protista (animal like)

 

Food Vacuole

membrane bound chamber that contains digestive enzymes

 

Eyespot

detects changes in the quantity of light

Cyst

dormant form of an organism

 

Paramecium

moves by cilia

 

Amoeba

moves by pseudopodia

 

Plasmodium

found in domestic cats

 

Giardia

known to contaminate stream water in the United States

 

Protozoa are thought to have evolved from

early eukaryotes

Many protozoa survive under extreme environmental conditions by

becoming dormant inside a hardened external covering

All protozoa are capable of

both asexual and sexual reproduction

 

One characteristic that is not found in any protozoan is

multicellularity

 

Protozoans are members of the kingdom

Protista

 

Amoebas move by means of a process known as

cytoplasmic streaming

 

Sexual reproduction in ciliates involves

the exchange of haploid micronuclei between two individuals

 

Most species in the phylum sporozoa are

parasitic and have complex life cycles

 

In Paramecium, the macronucleus...

contains multiple copies of DNA

 

Which of the following best describes members of the Kingdom Protista

they are single-celled and eukaryotic

 

Pseudopodia are extensions of a sarcodine's....

cytoplasm

Distinguish between the terms protist and protozoan

Protozoan is Animal like, Protist is the Kingdom

How does conjugation in protozoans differ from conjugation in bacteria?

Protozoa have a nucleus, Bacteria don’t

 

What are three means of locomotion among protozoans?

Cilia, Flagellum, cyotoplasmic streaming

 

The cytoplasm of bacteria is a thick solution of:

ribosomes and DNA

 

What is a capsule?

the sticky outer covering of bacteria

 

What is the main function of Pili?

genetic recombination

Bacteria have no mitochondria, so where does cellular respiration take place?

cell membrane

 

What is peptidoglycan made out of?

amino acids and carbohydrates

What is an endospore?

a dormant form of G+ bacteria

 

What are introns?

pieces of DNA that do not code for amino acids

 

A Methanogen is a type of bacteria that....

gets NRG from converting H2 and CO2 into methane gas

 

An Extreme Halophile is a type of bacteria that.....

gets NRG from high salt concentrations

 

A Thermoacidophile is a type of bacteria that....

gets NRG from hot acidic environments

 

What are exotoxins?

toxins made out of proteins from G+ bacteria

 

What are endotoxins?

toxins made out of lipids and carbohydrates from G- bacteria

 

Transformation

takes in DNA from the environment

 

Conjugation

living bacteria transfer genetic material

Transduction

a virus obtains a fragment, and passes it to another bacterium

 

Gram positive bacteria differ from Gram negative bacteria in

their response to the Gram stain

the make-up of their cell walls

their susceptibility to antibiotics