Pathology review

Cell

-fundamental component of all living things

cell membrane

-controls all molecules entering the cell

Surface proteins (cell membrane)

-function as antigens, mark cell for recognition by immune system

Peripheral proteins (cell membrane)

-act as receptor cites for hormones targeted for the cell

Mitochondria

-"power house of the cell", where cellular respiration occurs

ATP (mitochondria)

-the product of cellular respiration that the mitochondria produces,

Endoplasmic Reticulum-ER

-two types (rough & smooth)

Rough ER

-involved in protein synthesis, rough because of the ribosomes attached to the folds of the ER

Smooth ER

-deals with glycogen storage, smooth because it has no ribosomes attached to its folds

Golgi apparatus/complex

-series of folded membranes that work with the ER, packages proteins made by ribosomes with a carbohydrate or lipid coat

Lysosomes

-"suicide sacs", contain protein-digesting enzymes,

Centriole

-rod-shaped organelles found close to the nucleus, found in pairs,

Cell cycle

-G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase, M phase

G1 phase (cell cycle)

-growth phase, growth and normal metabolic roles

S phase (cell cycle)

-synthesis phase, DNA replication

G2 phase (cell cycle)

-growth phase, growth and preparation for mitosis

M phase (cell cycle)

-mitotic phase, somatic cell division

Phases of mitosis

-Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis

Nucleus

-double membrane bound, contains chromatin (condensed DNA which controls all cellular activities)