2. Water Supply System

INTENSE

WATER SUPPLYSYSTEM

consists of the piping and fittings which supply cold water from the

building water supply to the fixtures.

CORPORATION COCK/STOP

is inserted into the water main. It serves as a control of the water

service. And also serve as a shut off, when the service is disconnected.

HOUSE SERVICE PIPE

refers to the pipe connection from public water main or any source of water

supply to the building served.

GOOSE NECK

the part of a pipe curve like the neck of a goose, usually flexible.

CURB STOP

is installed between the curb and the sidewalk line accessible to cast iron stop box equipped with removable cover. It serves as control stop of the service between the curb and the building.

METER STOP

A valve placed at the street side of the water meter and serves as a controlling device for the building installation.

WATER METER

is a device used to measure the amount of water that passes through the water

service.

HORIZONTAL SUPPLY MAIN

OR DISTRIBUTION MAIN

the pipe within the structure or premises

which conveys water from service pipe to point of utilization.

RISER

water supply pipe that extends one full story or more to convey water

FIXTURE BRANCH

the supply pipe between fixture supply pipe and distribution pipe.

FIXTURE SUPPLY

water supply pipe connecting fixture to fixture

branch.

DIRECT UP-FEED

TYPE OF COLD WATER DISTRIBUTION, Normal water pressure from the public water main

PNEUMATIC AIR-PRESSURE SYSTEM

TYPE OF COLD WATER DISTRIBUTION, when pressure supplied by water service provider is

not enough

DOWN-FEED SYSTEM

TYPE OF COLD WATER DISTRIBUTION, water is pumped into a large tank on top of building and distributed to fixtures by means of gravity.

180 oF (82 oC):

HOT WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM, Minimum temperature needed for sanitizing rinse.

140 oF (60 oC)

HOT WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM, For General-purpose cleaning and food preparation.

105 oF to 120 oF (41 oC to 49 oC)

HOT WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM, For showers

Up-feed and gravity return

commonly used in small residential houses and other industrial

installations with the follow service features:

1. It provides constant circulation of hot water

2. Hot water is quickly drawn from the fixtures at any desired time.

3. Provide economical circulating return of unused hot water.

4. Eliminate waste of water.

Overhead feed and gravity return

is an efficient type of hot water distribution generally used in building of extreme heights.

Pump circuit system

is a mechanical device used to circulate hot water to the plumbing

fixtures. It is recommended for large building where difficulty of providing natural circulation of hot water is encountered.

PUMPS

is a device used to move fluids.

Centrifugal Pump

use an impeller, which has curved blades that accelerate fluids towards their edge when rotating. The energy changes occur by virtue of two main parts of the pump, the impeller and volute or casing. The function of the casing is to collect the liquid discharged by the impeller and convert some of the kinetic (velocity) energy into pressure energy.

Centrifugal Pump

are the most common type of pump use, since they are suitable for handling water and relatively easy to manufacture. These pumps also tend to be the most affordable.

Axial flow

Produces flow along the same direction as the impeller shaft, and is also known as propeller pump

Radial flow

Produces flow perpendicular to shaft

(90 deg. Angle.)

Mixed Flow

Combines radial and axial flow, producing a conical flow pattern

around the impeller shaft

Positive Displacement Pumps

capture confined amounts of liquid and transfers it from the suction to the discharge port. Base on how the fluid is displaced, positive displacement pumps can be reciprocating or rotary.

Reciprocating

Works by the repeated back-and- forth movement (strokes) of either a

piston, plunger or diaphragm. These cycles are called reciprocation.

Rotary

Uses a rotor that traps water in cavities, releasing it at the pump

outlet. These cavities can be the spaces between gear teeth or screw

threads, among other configurations.

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP

Effect of system pressure, Flow is reduced when system

pressure increase.

POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMP

Effect of system pressure, Constant flow, If system pressure increases, the pump produces more pressure as well.

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP

Effect of viscosity, Higher fluid viscosity reduces flow rate. Pumping efficiency drops as viscosity increases.

POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMP

Effect of viscosity, Higher fluid viscosity increases flow rate.

Submersible Pump

are close-coupled pumps driven by a submersible motor and designed for

submerged installation in a wet well.

Turbine Pumps

are centrifugal pumps specially designed to move water from an underground

well or reservo

Pneumatic Pumps

compressed air is used to move the liquid.

Cistern

usually built of reinforced concrete underground and connected with a pump.

Overhead tank / Gravity Supply Tank

are placed over the head that is built on a certain height,

relies on gravity to supply water to fixtures below. Use in overhead feed system.

Pneumatic Water Tank

is designed to store water and air under pressure. It is use in the air

pressure system and often used with a pump.

Hot Water Tank

is to serve the domestic hot water system. The tank should be strong enough to resist the high pressure of hot water stored in it.

Range Boiler

small hot water tank (30cm to 60cm diameter and legth not more than 180cm)

Storage Boiler

large hot water tank (60cm to 130cm and not more than 5m long)

GATE VALVE (Full-way Valve)

used to completely close, or open the line but not necessarily

to control the flow of water.

The Wedged Shape or Tapered Disc

is used where the stem must be installed pointing

downward.

The Double Disc Valve

closes in the same manner as wedged type, except that its

parallel faces drop in a vertical position.

GLOBE VALVE

actuated by a stem screw, and hand wheel, suited on installation that calls for

throttling. Globe valve affords greater resistance to flow than gate valve because of the change in flow directions.

Plug Type Disc Valve

Has a wide bearing surface producing good resistance to the

cutting effect of scale, dirt and other kind of foreign matter found inside the pipe.

Conventional Disc Valve

has a pressure tight bearing between the disc and the seat

recommended for cold water and any temperature service.

Composition Disc Valve

is used for various types of services on oil, gasoline, steam, and

hot or cold water.

ANGLE VALVE

operates same manner as glove valve. It is available in similar range of disc and seat. It used in making 90 degrees turn in a line to reduce number of joints.

FOOT VALVE

is located at the lower end of the pump used to prevent loss of priming. It is

sometimes referred to as Retention Valve.

CHECK VALVE

main function is to prevent the reversal flow of fluids in the line.

SAFETY VALVE

is used on cold water systems, heating systems, compressed air lines & other

pipelines with excessive pressure.

AIR GAP

the minimum air gap to provide backflow protection.

25

Lavatories & other fixture with effective openings not greater than 13mmm in diameter. (Not affected side wall (min))

38

Lavatories & other fixture with effective openings not greater than 13mmm in diameter. ( affected side wall (min))

38

Sinks, laundry trays, goosenecks bath faucets & other fixtures with

effective openings not greater than 19mm in diameter. (Not affected side wall (min))

57

Sinks, laundry trays, goosenecks bath faucets & other fixtures with

effective openings not greater than 19mm in diameter. (Affected side wall (min))

51

Over rim bath filters & other fixtures with effective openings not greater

than 25mm in diameter. (Not affected side wall (min))

76

Over rim bath filters & other fixtures with effective openings not greater

than 25mm in diameter. (Affected side wall (min))

EFFECTIVE OPENING

the minimum cross sectional area at the seat of the control valve or the supply pipe or tubing which feeds the device outlet. If two or more lines supply one outlet, the effective opening shall be the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the individual supply lines or the area or the single outlet, whichever is smaller.

ATMOSPHERIC VACUUM BREAKER (AVB)

consist of a body, a checking member & an atmospheric opening.

DOUBLE CHECK VALVE BACKFLOW PREVENTION ASSEMBLY (DC)

consists of two independently acting internally or externally loaded check valves, four properly located test cocks with connectors & two isolation gate valves.

PRESSURE VACUUM BREAKER BACFLOW PREVENTION ASSEMBLY (PVB)

consists of a loaded air inlet valve, an internally loaded check valve, two properly located test cocks & two isolation gate valves.

REDUCED PRESSURE PRINCIPLE BACKFLOW PREVENTION ASSEMBLY (RP)

consists of two independently acting internally loaded check valves, a differential pressure relief valve, four properly located test cocks & two isolation gate valves.

305mm, 1.52m

Access & clearance for testing, maintenance & repair shall require _____mm min. space between the lowest portion of the assembly & grade, floor or platform, Elevated installation more than _____m above the floor or grade shall be provided with platform sufficient to support maintenance person.

25mm

Where potable water is discharge to the drainage system, it shall be by means of an approved air gap two (2) pipe dia. of supply inlet and min. of ___mm from the supply outlet & the top surface of the drainage inlet.

152mm

Water Closet & Urinal Flushometer Valves shall be equipped with a listed atmospheric vacuum breaker & shall be installed at the discharge level of the flushometer valve with a critical level at least ____mm distance according to its listing above the overflow rim of a water closet bowl or highest part of a urinal.

25mm

Water Closet & Urinal Tanks shall be equipped with a listed ballcock & shall be installed with the critical level at least ___mm above the full opening of the overflow pipe.

For cold-water distribution systems

Water pressure pipes shall be of __________ Brass, Copper, Centrifugal Cast Iron Pipe (CCI), Ductile Cast Iron Pipe (DCI), Galvanized Wrought Iron, Galvanized Steel, or other approved PE & PVC water pressure pipe.

For hot & cold-water distribution systems

Water pressure pipes shall be of __________ CPVC water pipe & tubing

51mm

Cast iron fittings up to & including _____mm in size, when used in connection with potable water piping shall be galvanized.

8%

Water pipes & fittings with a lead content that exceed ___% shall be prohibited & shall not be used in potable piping systems.

51mm

Valves up to & including ___mm size shall be brass or other approved materials. Sizes over ___mm may have cast iron or brass bodies.

fullway gate valve

A valve used to control two (2) or more openings shall be a ______

Inadequate water pressure

residual water pressure less than 103 Kpa (15 psi), hydro-pneumatic pressure tank or an elevated water tank and booster pump.

Excessive water pressure

water pressure greater than 552 Kpa (80 psi) , approved type pressure regulator shall be installed

combination pressure and temperature relief valve (CT & PRV)

Any water system containing storage water heating equipment shall be provided with an approved, listed, adequately sized

3” (80mm)

Except for listed non storage instantaneous heater having an inside diameter of

not more than

1033 Kpa. (150 psi)

Each pressure relief valve shall be an approved automatic type with drain, & each such relief valve shall be set at a pressure not more than

0.3m

All water service yard piping shall be at least ___m below the finish ground level.

0.3 m

Unions shall be installed in the water supply piping within ___ m away from regulating equipment, water heater, conditioning tanks & similar equipment which require removal for servicing or replacement.

Water Test

Upon completion of a section or the entire hot and cold water supply system, it shall be tested and proved tight under a water pressure not less than the working pressure in which it is to be used.

50 psi (344.5 KPA)

Air Test – A ____ psi (____ Kpa) air pressure may be substituted for the water test. In either method of test, the piping shall withstand the test without leaking for a period of not less than 15 minutes.

20mm (3/4”)

No building water service pipe shall be less than ___mm (___”) in diameter.

50 ppm

The system shall be filled with water-chlorine solution containing not less than ___ppm of chlorine, and shall be valved-off and allowed to stand for 24 hours; or

200 ppm

The system shall be filled with water-chlorine solution containing not less than ___ ppm of chlorine, and shall be valved-off and allowed to stand for 3 hours

water hammer arrester(s)

Where quick-acting valves are installed shall be provided with _______ to absorb high pressure resulting from the quick closing of these valves.