MedTerm

-blast

immature

-cytosis

condition of cells

-emia

blood condition

-gen

substance that produces

-globin

protein

-lytic

breakdown or destruction

-oid

like; resembling

-penia

deficiency

-phage

eat; swallow

-pheresis

removal

-poiesis

formation

-stasis

stoppage of flow

What is Acquired Immunity?

The body's ability to protect itself against a specific bacterium, virus, toxin, or other foreign substance.

What is Adaptive Immunity?

Production of antibodies and lymphocytes in response to exposure to an antigen.

adenoid/o

adenoids.

What are Adenoids?

Mass of lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx.

What is an Agranulocyte?

Monocytes & Lymphocytes.

What is an Antigen?

A substance that is harmful, or is perceived as harmful, by the immune system.

What is Apheresis?

Separation of blood into its component parts.

What is Aplastic anemia?

Disorder in which the bone marrow does not produce enough new RBCs, WBCs, & platelets.

What is the Appendix?

An organ that hangs from the lowest part of the cecum.

What is a B cell?

Lymphocyte that originates in the bone marrow and transforms into a plasma cell to secrete antibodies.

What is a Basophil?

Leukocyte whose granules have an affinity for basic stain; releases histamine and heparin.

What does Bone Marrow produce?

Produces lymphocytes and monocytes and all other blood cells.

coagul/o

clot.

What does the prefix 'con-' mean?

together; with.

What does 'cyt/o' refer to?

cell.

What is a Cytotoxic T cell?

T lymphocyte that directly kills foreign cells (T8 cell of CD8+ cell).

What is an Eosinophil?

Leukocyte with dense, reddish granules; associated with allergic reactions.

erythr/o

red.

What is an Erythroblast?

Immature RBC.

What is an Erythrocyte?

Red Blood Cell.

What is Fibrin?

Protein threads that form the basis of a clot.

What are Granulocytes?

Cells responsible for destroying and responding to harmful substances in the body.

What is a Helper T cell?

Lymphocyte that aids B cells in recognizing antigens and stimulating antibody production (T4 cell or CD4+ cell).

hem/o

blood.

What does Hematocrit test do?

Laboratory test, to separate blood.

What is a Hematopoietic stem cell?

Bone marrow cell; gives rise to many types of blood cells.

What is Hemolysis?

Breakdown of recipient's red blood cells when incompatible bloods are mixed.

What is Hemophilia?

Excessive bleeding caused by congenital lack of factor VIII or IX.

What is the Inflammatory Response?

A naturally occurring process that the body undergoes in response to injury or invasion.

is/o

same; equal.

kary/o

nucleus.

leuk/o

white.

What is Leukemia?

An excessive increase in white blood cells.

What is Lymph?

A colorless fluid that helps remove wastes, toxins, and other harmful substances from the body.

lymphaden/o

lymph node.

What is a Lymphocyte?

Cells that perform immune system "surveillance."

macr/o

large.

What is a Macrophage?

When monocytes move from the bloodstream into the body tissues.

mon/o

one; single.

What is a Monocyte?

Large, single-nucleus White blood cell; phagocyte and precursor of a macrophage.

What is Mononucleosis?

Acute, infectious illness, usually caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, increased number of atypical lymphocytes & monocytes.

morph/o

shape: form.

myel/o

bone marrow.

What is Natural Immunity?

Type of immunity with which you were born.

What are Natural Killer Cells?

Lymphocytes specifically target cells infected by cancer or viruses.

neo-

new.

neutr/o

neutrophil, neutral; neither.

What is a Neutrophil?

Leukocyte ('poly') formed in bone marrow and having neutral-staining granules.

path/o

disease.

What is a Pathogen?

A disease-causing microorganism.

What is Pernicious anemia?

Disorder in which the body does not manufacture enough RBCs due to a vitamin B12 deficiency.

phag/o

eat; swallow; engulf.

What is Plasma?

Straw-colored, liquid portion of blood.

What is a Platelet?

Thrombocyte.

poly-

many; much.

What is Rheumatoid Arthritis?

Autoimmune disease in which the body attacks the synovial membrane of joints.

What is Sickle cell anemia?

Genetic disorder in which the body manufactures red blood cells that are shaped like a sickle.

What is the Spleen?

Largest lymphatic organ in the body; filters the blood; produces lymphocytes.

What are T cells?

Lymphocytes contained in the thymus gland that act on antigens.

What is Thalassemia?

Genetic disorder in which the body produces less hemoglobin than normal.

What is the Thoracic Duct?

Drains lymph from the lower right side and the left side of the body.

thromb/o

clot.

What is the Thymus Gland?

A gland located in the chest that secretes a hormone to stimulate production of T lymphocytes in the bone marrow.

What is a WBC Differential?

Blood test that counts the number of different white blood cells in a sample.