Reproductive System Quiz

Testes (Testicles)

Produces sperm

• From puberty until death

• Roughly 100 million per day (many are “not good”)

• Many sperm for one of them to work

Testosterone

Hormone produced by Testicles, Development of characteristics like body/pubic hair, enlarged voice box, more muscle/less fat.

Epididymis

Tube coiled on top of testes

Place for sperm to mature and be stored

Excess/overcrowding sperm is absorbed into bloodstream or ejaculated. Targeted by white blood cells and kills sperm.

Vas Deferens (Genital Duct)

Tube that leads From epididymis to the ejaculatory duct

Site of vasectomy (Blocks sperm from leaving body, wants to be sexually active but can’t get a women pregnant)

Ejaculatory Duct (Genital Duct)

At junction of genital ducts and accessory glands

Multiple things lead together, like an intersection

Fluids join sperm, etc

Urethra (Genital Duct)

From urinary bladder to opening at penis

Common passage for urine and semen together

Accessory Glands

All secrete viscous fluids that make up/help semen

Seminal Vesicles (Accessory Gland)

Fluid contains fructose (sugar) and is used to feed sperm

Prostate Gland (Accessory Gland)

Fluid is used help sperm swim/move

Often becomes enlarged with age

Cowper’s Gland (Accessory Gland)

Fluid is used to neutralize acidity of urethra and vagina

Is released before ejaculation (if you don’t want to kill sperm)

Scrotum

Skin covered pouch located between legs that houses the testes

Keeps testes 2-3 degrees lower than body temperature, keeps testes cooler so that they don’t die

Penis

Used to introduce sperm into female vagina during sexual intercourse

Is composed of 3 cylindrical masses of erectile tissue:

“spongy” tissue that fill with blood when aroused that results in an erection

Stimulation of penis eventually results in ejaculation

Ovaries

Produces ova (eggs)

• By first few years of age, only hundreds-thousands remain

• 1 ovum is released per month, from puberty to menopause

• Ova are well taken care of and are “high quality”

Estroge

Hormone produced by Ovaries. Development of characteristics like body/pubic hair, retaining of body fat, widening of hips, and development of breasts (for bearing children)

Progesterone

hormone produced by the ovaries. A “pregnancy” hormone

Fallopian Tubes

Ends are funnel shaped and open over the ovaries, little fingers catch eggs and drag them in

Cilia (hairs) inside sweep the egg towards the uterus, since they can’t move by themselves

Site of fertilization where sperm and egg meet

Uterus

Functions as the womb during pregnancy for embryo

Powerful muscles facilitate birth on walls

Upper portion is the body, lower portion is the cervix (opening at bottom)

expands for baby

Menstrual Cycle

From puberty to menopause, the endometrium (inner lining of uterus) undergoes changes in order to prepare to house a developing baby
Over 28 days, massive changes across four hormones result in the building, and then periodic shedding, of the endometrium

Endometrium grows, blood supplies grow

Discharge of all the hard work of growing when there is not egg fertilization every 28 days, which is the leaking of blood.

Endometrium

The inner lining of the uterus, plays an important role in periods.

Vagina

Lined with smooth muscle to help with birth and push baby

Contains mucous membranes for protection and for sexual intercourse

The exit for uterine secretions (discharge, blood, mucus, NOT pee), and the baby

Uretha

Shorter on female than on male to prevent urinary tract infection, not good to hold pee, bladder holds bacteria.

Vulva

External genitals: Clitoris and Labia Majora/Minora

Clitoris (clit)

Composed of erectile tissue

Becomes erect when filled with blood, similar to penis

Labia Majora/Minora

Contains skin, fat, and sweat glands

Shields the clitoris and vagina, basically outside

Breasts

Houses mammary glands (mammal) and fat tissue

Functions for lactation (producing milk) for new infants

Gonards

creatures who have sex organs