electric note 1 and 2

Static electricity

The electric charge that builds up on a surface of an object. The charges dont move until the are given a point to escale

3 ways to charge objects

Friction(rubbing), contact(touching), Induction(not contact)

Friction

The force that resists movement when 3 surfaces are in contact. When you rub two things together, one will gain and other will lose.

Electrons affinty

How well a substances holds onto its electrons

The name of the thing to know what has a lower or higher affinty

Electrostatic/triboelectric series

Law of attraction

Objects with opposite charges attract

Law of repulsion

Objects with the same charges repel

Neutral charge and pos/neg

Only attracted a little bit

Conductivity

Refers to the ability of electrons to move through a material

Insulator

Resists the movement of electrons

Conductor

Allows the movement of electrons

Fair conductor

Allows some movement of electrons

What do we use to see if something has a charge

Tools, eg electroscope

Induction

Movement of electrons without contact

How to charge a neutral object using conduction

You can charge a neutral object by touching it with a charged object and it gains the same charge

How to charge a neutral object using induction

You can charge a neutral object without touching it with a charge object by grounding

Grouding

Connecting a object to the earth, doesn’t have to be the earth, can be your hand

Why do we ground objects

You ground things to make the charge permanent and the neutral charge will get the opposite charge of the charged object

Electrical discharge

When excess charged are moved quickly. Static electricity builds on a surface until it’s given a path to mobe

Examples of electrical discharge

Sliding on a slide, touching someone else, lightning

How lighting works

Clouds in the sky become negative at the bottom and positive at the top. This repels the negative charges in tall objects into the ground. The force of attraction between the cloud and the earth is so strong that the cloud discharges into the ground, which is lighting. Air is a insulator but the attraction is just too strong.

Electrostatic generators

Used to create static charges on a metal ball at the top of it. A roller at the top loses electrons, and the one at the bottom gains. The extra charges are collected by a comb and placed on the metal top.

Spark

Small electrical discharge from two objects