Bones and their Markings Flashcards

Vocabulary-style flashcards covering the markings and classifications of the axial and appendicular skeleton based on the lecture transcript.

Frontal bone

A cranial bone of the skull containing the supraorbital foramen.

Sphenoid bone

A cranial bone characterized by the greater wings, lesser wings, foramen ovale, and sella turcica.

Temporal bone

A cranial bone (Left & Right) featuring the zygomatic process, mastoid process, external auditory/acoustic meatus, styloid process, and jugular foramen.

Occipital bone

A cranial bone containing the foramen magnum, occipital condyle, superior and inferior nuchal lines, and the external occipital protuberance.

Ethmoid bone

A cranial bone consisting of the crista galli, cribriform plate, and perpendicular plate.

Skull Sutures

The sagittal, coronal, lambdoid, and squamous joints of the skull.

Maxillae

Facial bones (Left & Right) that include the palatine process, alveolar margin, and infraorbital foramen.

Mandible

The lower jaw bone consisting of the ramus, body, alveolar margin, and mental foramen.

Zygomatic bones

Facial bones (Left & Right) that contain the temporal process.

Fetal Skull Fontanels

Soft spots including the anterior, anterolateral (L & R), posterolateral (L & R), and posterior fontanels.

C1 (Atlas)

The first cervical vertebra, which has no body.

C2 (Axis)

The second cervical vertebra characterized by the dens or odontoid process.

Transverse foramen

A defining feature found only in cervical vertebrae.

Superior and inferior costal facet

Markings found only on thoracic vertebrae.

Sternum

The breastbone, composed of the manubrium, body, and xiphoid process.

True ribs

Pairs 1-7, also known as vertebrosternal ribs.

False ribs

Pairs 8-12, including vertebrochondral ribs (8-10) and vertebral/floating ribs (11-12).

Scapula

The shoulder blade, containing the acromion, coracoid process, glenoid cavity, spine, and supraspinous/infraspinous fossae.

Humerus

The upper arm bone featuring the head, greater and lesser tubercles, deltoid tuberosity, trochlea, capitulum, and medial/lateral epicondyles.

Radius

The lateral bone of the forearm consisting of the head, radial tuberosity, and styloid process.

Ulna

The medial bone of the forearm containing the olecranon, coranoid process, trochlear notch, head, and styloid process.

Hand Carpals

The eight bones of the wrist: scaphoid, lunate, triquetum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate.

Coxal bones

Hip bones made of the ilium, ischium, and pubis.

Ilium

A part of the coxal bone featuring the iliac crest, sacroiliac joint, and greater sciatic notch.

Femur

The thigh bone featuring the head, neck, greater and lesser trochanters, linea aspera, and medial/lateral condyles.

Tibia

The shin bone containing the tibial tuberosity and medial malleolus.

Fibula

The thinner lower leg bone containing the head and lateral malleolus.

Foot Tarsals

The seven bones of the ankle/foot: talus, calcaneus, navicular, medial cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, lateral cuneiform, and cuboid.