Area & Volume- 2 Dimensional and 3 Dimensional Shapes

polygon

Plane shapes - must be closed - Straight sides - No curves

quadrilaterals

2 dimensional shape - 1 face - 4 sided figure - 4 straight lines - 4 vertices

2 dimensional or 2D

Plane Shape

3 dimensional or 3D

Solid Shape

face

a flat surface

edge

where two faces meet

vertex (plural - vertices)

where two or more edges or sides meet - "corners"

diagonal line

A straight line inside a shape that goes from one corner to another corner (but not an edge).

pentagon

2 dimensional shape - 1 face - 5 sides - 5 vertices

hexagon

2 dimensional shape - 1 face - 6 sides - 6 vertices

octagon

2 dimensional shape - 1 face - 8 sides - 8 vertices

decagon

2 dimensional shape - 1 face - 10 sides - 10 vertices

cube

3D shape - 6 square faces - 8 vertices - 12 edges

sphere

3D shape - 0 faces - 0 vertices - 0 edges

rectangular prism

3D shape - 6 rectangular faces - 8 vertices - 12 edges

cylinder

3D shape - 2 circular faces - 0 vertex - 0 edges - this shape can roll

pyramid

3D Shape - 4 triangular faces - 1 rectangular base - 5 vertices & faces - 8 edges.

cone

3D shape - 1 circular face - 1 vertex - 0 edges

triangular prism

3D shape - 2 triangular faces - 3 rectangular faces - 5 faces - 6 vertices - 9 edges

Area

space inside a 2 dimensional figure

Perimeter

the distance around a figure

cross-section

the shape we get when we cut through a solid object.

equilateral triangle

2D shape - 3 vertices - 3 sides same length - equal angles of 60 degrees.

Right triangle

2D shape - 3 vertices & 3 sides - 1 angle 90 degrees

Isosceles triangle

2D shape - 3 vertices & 3 angles - 2 sides same length -

Scalene triangle

2D shape - 3 vertices & 3 angles - no sides the same length

Rhombus

2D shape - 4 vertices & 4 angles - 4 sides equal length

square

2D shape - 4 vertices - Four 90 degree angles - 4 sides equal length

Rectangle

2D shape - 4 vertices - Four right angles - opposite sides equal length

surface area

sum of all of the areas of the faces of a solid 3D figure

net

A 2D pattern that forms a solid figure

composite figure

A shape made of two or more shapes

perpendicular

two lines of segments that form a right angle

area

Number of square units needed to cover a 2D surface

volume

number of cubic units needed to fill a 3D shape

acute triangle

A triangle that contains only angles that are less than 90 degrees.

Parallelogram

a quadrilateral whose opposite sides are both parallel and equal in length

Prism

A solid figure that has two congruent, parallel polygons as its bases. Its sides are parallelograms

Decompose figures

To separate a geometric figure into two or more shapes that do not overlap.

Square units

Unit of measure for the area of an object.

Cubic units

Unit of measure for the volume of an object.

Coordinates

Two numbers (x, y) that indicate the position of a point on a coordinate plane.

Coordinate plane

A two-dimensional number line, split into four quadrants by the x-axis and y-axis; used to plot points, lines, figures.