may term exam 1

Right Atrium

Receives deoxygenated blood from the body via the superior and inferior vena cava

Right Ventricle

Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs through the pulmonary arteries

Left Atrium

Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins

Left Ventricle

Pumps oxygenated blood to the body through the aorta; has the thickest wall

Superior Vena Cava

Returns deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the right atrium

Inferior Vena Cava

Returns deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the right atrium

Pulmonary Arteries

Carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

Pulmonary Veins

Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium

Aorta

Largest artery; carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body

Tricuspid Valve

Atrioventricular valve on the right side with three cusps

Mitral (Bicuspid) Valve

Atrioventricular valve on the left side with two cusps

Pulmonary Valve

Semilunar valve between right ventricle and pulmonary artery

Aortic Valve

Semilunar valve between left ventricle and aorta

Atrioventricular (AV) Valves

Valves between atria and ventricles (tricuspid and mitral)

Semilunar Valves

Valves that control blood flow leaving the heart (pulmonary and aortic)

SA Node

Pacemaker of the heart; initiates electrical impulse

AV Node

Delays electrical signal before passing it to ventricles

Bundle of His

Pathway that carries impulses from AV node to bundle branches

Right and Left Bundle Branches

Conduct electrical impulses down the interventricular septum

Purkinje Fibers

Distribute electrical impulse through ventricular walls causing contraction

Right Coronary Artery

Supplies blood to right side of the heart

Left Coronary Artery

Supplies blood to left side of the heart

Chordae Tendineae

String-like structures that anchor AV valves to papillary muscles and prevent backflow

Carotid Artery

Major artery in the neck supplying blood to the brain; common pulse point

Jugular Vein

Major vein in the neck that returns blood from the brain to the heart

Arteries

Blood vessels with thick walls that carry blood away from the heart under high pressure

Veins

Blood vessels with thinner walls that carry blood toward the heart and contain valves

Lumen

Interior space of a blood vessel through which blood flows

Femoral Artery/Vein

Blood vessels located in the thigh

Brachial Artery/Vein

Blood vessels located in the upper arm

Ulnar Artery/Vein

Blood vessels located in the forearm

Mesenteric Arteries

Arteries supplying blood to the intestines

Radial Pulse

Pulse taken at the wrist

Carotid Pulse

Pulse taken at the neck

Pulse Strength Scale

0 absent, 1+ weak, 2+ normal, 3+ strong, 4+ bounding

Auscultation

Listening to internal body sounds using a stethoscope

Aortic Area

2nd intercostal space at right sternal border; used to hear aortic valve

Pulmonic Area

2nd intercostal space at left sternal border; used to hear pulmonary valve

Tricuspid Area

4th-5th intercostal space at left sternal border; used to hear tricuspid valve

Mitral Area (Apex)

5th intercostal space at left midclavicular line; used to hear mitral valve

Sphygmomanometer

Instrument used to measure blood pressure

Brachial Artery Location

Site where stethoscope is placed when taking manual blood pressure

Systolic Pressure

First sound heard when releasing cuff; represents pressure during heart contraction

Diastolic Pressure

Last sound heard; represents pressure when heart is relaxed

Bradycardia

Heart rate less than 60 beats per minute

Tachycardia

Heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute