Exam 1

Implement consisting of long, flat and curved teeth made of spring steel.

Spring-tooth harrow

PAES 151:2010 Agricultural Machinery

Mechanical Rice Transplanter – Specifications

Type of field cultivator wherein main frame is mounted on the front of the tractor

Front mounted

Machine designed for transplanting rice seedlings into a puddled and leveled field.

Implement

Total force parallel to the direction of travel required to move the implement.

Draft

Based on PAES 117: 2000 small engine – methods of test, how many hours shall the engine run continuously with continuous speed and power specified by the manufacturer.

five

Implement performing shallow post-plant tillage to aid the crop by loosening the soil and/or by mechanical eradication of undesired vegetation.

Cultivating tillage implement

Implement consisting of tool bars that extend across the top of the rows, which allow lateral adjustments of the tools for different row spacing.

Continuous-tool bar cultivator

Implement consisting of tool bars that drop down between the rows to provide maximum vertical clearance for the plants.

Separated gang cultivator

Based on PAES Walking-type Agricultural Tractor (rotary tilling-type), the noise emitted by the tractor measured 50 mm away from the operator’s ear level shall not be more than?

92 db (A)

Soil-handling implements which forms uniform ridges of soil to predetermined shapes

Bed shaper

Soil-working tool, consisting of an edge and a surface, which is primarily designed to cut through the soil.

Blade

Circular, flat tool used to cut plant material and soil.

Coulter

Force to propel an implement in the direction of travel which is equal and opposite to drawbar pull.

Draft

Portion of an implement designed to connect the implement to a power source.

Hitch

Miniature plow attachment whose purpose is to turn over a small furrow slice directly ahead of the main moldboard plow bottom, to aid in covering trash.

Jointer

Soil profile modified by tillage or amendments for use by plant roots

Root bed

PAES 124: 2002 walking-type agricultural tractor – Part 3: special type (float-assist tiller), what is the recommended peak transmission efficiency of the tractor?

80%

Part of the soil profile exploited by the roots of plants.

Root zone

Soil zone which affects germination and emergence of seeds.

Seedbed

Based on PAES 118: 2001 four-wheel tractor, the tractor shall be able to pull field implements up to what speed?

8 km/h

Tillage in which a narrow curved shank is used.

Chisel plowing

Component of the power sprayer used to regulate the pressure.

Pressure relief valve

Type of force type hand pump that discharges water only on the forward stroke of the piston or plunger and draw in water into the cylinder during the back stroke.

Single acting

Type of power sprayer mounted on wheels, either pushed by an operator or towed by a vehicle. The pump can be powered by an engine or an electric motor.

Wheel-mounted power sprayer

PAES 159:2011 Agricultural Machinery

Sugarcane Planter – Specifications

Sugarcane stalks containing buds used as planting mat.

Sugarcane billet

Based on PAES119: 2001 four-wheel tractor – methods of test, what is the recommended noise emitted by the tractor measured 50 mm away from the operator’s ear level?

Shall not be more than 92 db (A)

Operation which pulverizes, smoothens, and makes the soil ready for planting.

Harrowing

Based on PAES 132: 2004 Disc/Moldboard Plow – Methods of Test, what is the required travelling speed during operation for two-wheel tractor-drawn plows?

3 kph to 4 kph

Operation wherein a lister is used in a manner that forms a furrow midway between two previous rows of plants

Middle breaking

Plow bottom that has less curvature than the stubble and can be used easily for stubble, ordinary trash and stalk cover land.

General-purpose moldboard

Plow bottom that has long, narrow and less sloping moldboard with a gradual twist that allows complete inversion of the furrow slice with minimum breakage.

Sod moldboard

Working part of the plow which includes the share, moldboard, and landside, all attached to the frog.

Plow bottom

What type of field operation pattern?

Headland pattern from boundaries

Type of plow mounted on the tractor’s three-point linkage and depends upon the tractor for its general operation.

Tractor-mounted moldboard plow

Type of plow hitched to the drawbar or lower links of the tractor, supported by two or three wheels and equipped with hydraulic lines and cylinders for lifting and/or depth control.

Trailing moldboard plow

Based on PAES 112: 2000 Lever-Operated Knapsack Sprayer, the overall weight of the sprayer with its component parts, when fully loaded with water shall not exceed how many kilograms?

22

Serves as an adaptor of the drill bit and conduit of water jet channel.

Drilling pipe

A type of drilling rig in which the mode of drilling is done by using a rotating drill bit that cut and loosen the soil thus producing a hole of required diameter.

Rotary

A type of drilling rig in which the mode of drilling is done by alternately raising and dropping either an external weight (solid steel or wood) or the drilling stem itself, causing the impact of the drill bit to the soil, thus producing a hole of required diameter.

Percussion

Based on PAES 118: 2001 four-wheel tractor, what is the allowable wheel slip for maximum efficiency for two-wheel drive tractor at tilled or soft soil.

10-15

A type of drilling rig in which the mode of drilling is done by rotary action and percussion.

Combination

Type of hand pump intended for use in lifting water from low-head cisterns and wells, the depth of which is not beyond the head furnished by atmospheric pressure.

Lift type

Part of granule applicator where granules are loaded.

Hopper

PAES 163:2011 agricultural machinery

Spring-tooth harrow – specifications

PAES 166:2011 Agricultural Machinery

Granule Applicator – Methods of Test

Secondary tillage implement consisting of long and curved teeth made of spring steel which are fastened on the transverse toolbars with the other end pointed to give good soil penetration.

Spring-tooth harrow

Four-wheel tractor speed limit on paved road in kph.

15 to 20

Based on PAES 112: 2000 Lever-Operated Knapsack Sprayer, the flow rate from the nozzle using water and the nozzles provided, shall lie in the range of 0.3 to 1.4 L/min. at what mean pressure?

300 kPa

Tillage of an entire area as contrasted to a partial tillage as in bands or strips.

Broadcast tillage

Tillage action and transport operations utilized to loosen, load, carry, and unload soil.

Earthmoving

PAES 128: 2002 drilling rig – methods of test, the drilling rig shall be operated for at least 100 mm diameter of bore hole and minimum depth of how many meters?

30

Tillage operation which move soil to establish a desired soil elevation and slope.

Land grading

Tillage operation which are oriented in specific paths or directions with respect to the sun, prevailing winds, previous tillage actions, or field base lines.

Oriented tillage

Shallow tillage operation performed to promote growth of crop plants by creating a soil condition conducive to aeration, infiltration, and moisture conservation or to pest control.

Soil cultivation

Mechanical manipulation of soil for any desired purpose.

Tillage

Based on PAES 124: 2002 walking-type agricultural tractor – Part 3: special type (float-assist tiller), what is the recommended noise emitted by the tractor measured 50 mm away from the operator’s ear level?

Shall not be more than 92 db (A)

What type of field operation pattern?

Continuous pattern turn strips each end

Tillage, which constitutes the initial major soil-working operation, normally designed to reduce soil strength, cover plant materials, and rearrange aggregates.

Primary tillage

Tillage, following primary tillage, which is designed to control weed growth and to create specific soil surface configurations before seeding.

Secondary tillage

System traditionally performed in preparing a seedbed for a given crop and grown in a given geographical area.

Conventional tillage

What type of field operation pattern?

Overlapping alternation pattern

System wherein least soil manipulation is performed.

Minimum tillage

System in which tillage of the total soil surface is performed in such a way that plant residue is specifically left on or near the soil surface.

Mulch tillage

Implement which shatters the soil without complete burial or mixing of surface materials.

Chisel plow

Implement which cuts, partially or completely inverts a layer of soil to bury surface materials, and pulverizes the soil.

Moldboard plow

Tool attached to the shank of the subsoiler to cut through the soil.

Shank

Series of hills in a field.

Rows

Scratching, cutting, or abrasing of materials caused by the action of soil.

Soil abrasion

Lever that connects the pump rod to the pump head which often includes some mechanism to add counterweight to balance the weight of the water being lifted up the draw pipe.

Handle

Part of the mist blower that connects the nozzle to the blower.

Wand

Part of the cylinder that is connected to the pump rod and which forces water up the draw pipe.

Plunger/piston

Type of sugarcane planter that is capable of chopping sugarcanes into billets which are dropped into the furrows.

Semi-automatic sugarcane planter

Based on PAES 118: 2001 four-wheel tractor, what is the allowable wheel slip for maximum efficiency for two-wheel drive tractor at firm soil.

7-11%

Eliminates back and dead furrows and is used for surface irrigation.

Two-way plow

Implement for intermittent tillage at depths sufficient to shatter compacted subsurface layers.

Subsoiler

Based on PAES 112: 2000 Lever-Operated Knapsack Sprayer Method of test, the pumping rate shall not exceed how many strokes/min?

40

Consists of two gangs wherein one gang is located behind the other at an angle and the harrow is operated in an offset position in relation to the tractor.

Offset disc harrow

Implement used for seedbed preparation which crushes soil clods and smooths and firms the soil surface.

Rotary hoe

Based on PAES 118: 2001 four-wheel tractor, what is the allowable wheel slip for maximum efficiency for four-wheel drive tractor at tilled or soft soil.

8-13

What type of field operation pattern?

Circuitous pattern rounded corners

Implement wherein the frame and cultivating tools are designed to adequately pass through standing crop rows without crop damage.

Row crop cultivator

Machine used to apply, or to apply and incorporate soil additives by means of tillage.

Soil-additive applicator

Based on PAES 132: 2004 Disc/Moldboard Plow – Methods of Test, what is the required travelling speed during operation for four-wheel tractor-drawn plows?

5 kph to 6 kph

Portions of tillage tools which are designed to be in contact with the soil.

Soil-working surface

Tillage tools which present a reasonable constant boundary area to the soil.

Multi-powered tillage tools

Scratching, cutting, or abrading of materials caused by the action of soil.

Soil abrasion

Resistance to the movement of plant parts or tillage tools through soil that is caused by the mechanical strength of the soil.

Mechanical impedance

PAES 160:2011 Agricultural Machinery

Sugarcane Planter – Specifications

Type of soil auger that makes use of human force to drill the soil.

Hand-operated type

PAES 155:2010 Agricultural Machinery

Mist Blower – Methods of Test

Fine drops of liquid, such as water or chemical pesticide, sprayed into the air.

Mist

Type of soil auger that is powered by either pneumatic or hydraulic pump to drill the soil.

Fluid-powered

PAES 162:2011 agricultural machinery

Hand pump – methods of test

Type of granule applicator designed for handheld operation. It makes use of screw or spinner plate operated manually to facilitate metering of granules.

Handheld granule applicator

Raised ridge left at the center of the strip of land, when plowing is started from center to side.

Back furrow

Trench left when the plow bottom cuts and turns the furrow slice.

Furrow

What type of field operation pattern?

Headland pattern from back furrow

Sliding implement that cuts, lifts, inverts and throws to one side a layer of soil (furrow slice) to bury surface materials.

Moldboard plow