Ex 32 & 33: Respiratory System Structure and Function & Pulmonary Ventilation

Air flow through the Respiratory System

1. external naris

2. nasal cavity

3. internal nairs

4. nasopharynx

5. oropharynx

6. larynogopharynx

7. larynx

8. trachea

9. Primary Bronchus

10. Secondary Bronchus

11. Tertiary Bronchus

12. Bronchiole

13. Terminal Bronchiole

14. Respiratory Bronchiole

15. Alveolar Duct

16. Alveolar Sac

17. Alveolus

respiratory bronchioles

Tubular airways that begin the respiratory zone

larynx

Connects the laryngopharynx with the trachea

trachea

Tube-like structure that conducts air from the larynx to the bronchi

epiglottis

Closes over the glottis during swallowing

tracheal cartilages

Keep the trachea from collapsing

terminal bronchioles

Last division of the conducting zone

oropharynx

Conducts air from the nasopharynx to the larynogopharnx

alveoli

Small, round sacs where gas exchange occurs

bronchiole

Small conduction airway that serves a lobule

pseudostratified ciliated columnar

Epithelium in Nasal Cavity, Paranasal Sinuses, and Nasopharynx

stratified squamous

Epithelium in Oropharynx, Larynogopharynx, and Larynx (Vocal folds and above)

pseudostratified ciliated columnar

Epithelium in Larynx (below vocal folds), Trachea, Primary Bronchi, Secondary Bronchi, and Tertiary Bronchi

ciliated simple columnar

Epithelium in Larger Bronchioles

non-ciliated simple cubodial --> simple squamous

Epithelium in Respiratory Bronchioles

Pectoralis minor

Elevates 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs

sternocleidomastoid

Elevates the sternum

internal intercostals

Depresses ribs

abdominal muscles

Compresses abdominal contents and increases abdominal pressure

Scalenes

Elevates first and second ribs

external intercostals

Elevates ribs

diaphragm

Main inspiratory muscle

muscles used in Forced Exhalation

Abdominal Muscles and Internal Intercostals

Alveolar Ducts

Alveolar Ducts

Alveolar Sac

Alveolar Sac

Alveolar Sac

Alveoli

Alveoli

Arytenoid Cartilage

Arytenoid Cartilage

Apex

Apex

Base

Base

Bronchiole

Cardiac Notch

Cardiac Notch

Carina

Carina

Corniculate Cartilage

Corniculate Cartilage

Cricoid Cartilage

Cricoid Cartilage

Cricoid Cartilage

Cricoid Cartilage

Cricoid Cartilage

Cricoid Cartilage

Cricoid Cartilage

Diaphragm

Diaphragm

Epiglottis

Epiglottis

Epiglottis

Epiglottis

Epithelial Lining of Trachea

Exhalation

Is this inhalation or exhalation?

External Intercostals

External Nairs

External Oblique

Glottis

Hard Palate

Hilum

Hilum

Hyoid Bone

Hyoid Bone

Hyoid Bone

Hyoid Bone

Inferior Lobe

Inferior Lobe

Inferior Lobe

Inferior Lobe

Inferior Nasal Concha

Inferior Nasal Meatus

Internal Oblique

Laryngopharynx

Larynx

Larynx

Left Primary Bronchus

Left Primary Bronchus

Left Primary Bronchus

Left Primary Bronchus

Left Secondary Bronchus

Left Secondary Bronchus

Left Secondary Bronchus

Left Tertiary Bronchi

Left Tertiary Bronchi

Lingual Tonsil

Lumen of Esophagus

Lumen of Trachea

Middle Lobe

Middle Lobe

Middle Nasal Concha

Middle Nasal Concha

Middle Nasal Meatus

Middle Nasal Meatus

Nasal Cavity