AFOQT Airplane Components Chapter 4 Part 1

Turbine Engines

Compress & ignite air, generating high-speed exhaust that propels aircraft. power & efficiency

Avionics

Electronic system on aircraft

Navigation, communication, monitoring, GPS, radio, altitude

Critical for coms w/ aircraft controllers & cockpit displays

Hydraulic & Pneumatic Systems

Ensures immediate & precise responses. Essential for landing gear, brakes, flight control movement.

Use incompressible fluids (oil) to transmit force & control aircraft components

Fuel Systems

Store & deliver fuel necessary for engines to operate.

Fuel stored in tanks within wings or fuselage.

Fed through tanks→ engines through pipes, pumps, valves

Avgas = Piston

Jet-A = Turbines

Flight Controls

Enable pilot to move aircraft

control yoke, stick, pedals, linkages

foot pedals control rudder for yaw adjustments

Piston Engines

Controlled explosions within cylinders set the propeller in motion.

Reliable & simple

Powerplant

Contains 1 or more engines

Generates thrust to propel aircraft

Engines can be piston, turboprop, jet powered

Landing Gear

facilitates takeoff & landing. includes main landing gear

Designs: Tricycle, tailwheel

Rudder

allows pilot to control yaw

Horizontal vs. Vertical Stabilizer

Horizontal- maintains aircraft pitch stability while elevators control pitch during flight

Vertical - prevents lateral motion

Empennage

rear tail section

Contains horizontal & vertical stabilizer, elevators, & rudder

Swept- wing design

high speed/ supersonic aircraft

Reduce drag & enhance performance at higher velocities

Low wing designs

improved aerodynamics & increased maneuverability

High wing designs

Above fuselage

enhanced stability & easier ground visibility

Wings

Lift * stability of aircraft. curved upper surface & flat lower surface.

Equipped w/ ailerons & responsible for roll control. enable bank left/right

maintained by spars & ribs

Flaps

on edge of wings. increase lift & reduce landing speeds

Fuselage

Central structure of aircraft. cylindrical & necessary framework where wings & tail attached

Houses cockpit, passenger cabin, cargo holds

Accommodates systems- avionics & hydraulics